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English
Bahasa Indonesia
x
maximal ks
maksimal oxygen
oksigen
From the data above it can be seen that the words which the grapheme x is adapted to Bahasa Indonesia as ks when it appears in the middle position
between two vowels or at the end of syllables. It can be concluded that this adjustment is based on the written.
12 Grapheme y
English grapheme y is in Bahasa Indonesia is generally adapted into Indonesian exact in two ways as such as grapheme x. If this grapheme is
pronounced as y, it does not change in Bahasa Indonesia. In addition, grapheme y will changed into i in Bahasa Indonesia
if it’s pronounced as i, and this adjustment happens in the pronunciation.
English
Bahasa Indonesia
y
strategy i
strategi
b. Syllabic Adaptation
Adjustment of sound does not happen on a particular phoneme. The adjustment is also found in syllables. It is called adjustment syllabic. This
adjustment occurred because English syllable structure is different with the form of grammar in Bahasa Indonesia. From the data, the writer found that three
changes process of adaptation syllabic, they are as follows: 1
Double consonants become single consonant. Bahasa Indonesia has no double consonant. Therefore, all the words or
terms that have double consonant from source language are adapted into a single consonant in Bahasa Indonesia.
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English
Bahasa Indonesia
ll
cellular l
seluler
ff
effect f
efek
mm
commercial m
komersial telecommunication
telekomunikasi
pp
application p
aplikasi
From the data above, it can be seen that English words has double consonant. Double consonant, ll, ff, mm and pp changed into single consonant l, f,
m, and p after adapted into Bahasa Indonesia. 2
A syllabic become disyllabic of words. A basic word in Bahasa Indonesia, as well as basic word in other nation
language in Indonesia, generally occur of two syllables, otherwise in English can be found in many words with a syllabic. If these forms absorbed, usually will be
disyllabic words as a basic word in Indonesia in general. Many words of a syllabic become disyllabic, but not all was adjusted through the same process because of
the original form was not the same too. A syllabic word becomes disyllabic because of paragogue symptoms, a
process of adding a sound at the end of a word without changing the meaning of that word.
68
The addition of this phoneme is not bound by certain rules because not all of a syllabic word will be adjusted and not all of a syllabic word gets the addition with
this way. The words that get a change due to of paragogue symptom are;
Additional Phoneme a
68
Lyle Campbell 2004, op.cit. p. 37
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English Bahasa Indonesia
-ns lens
-nsa lensa
3 Consonant inhibitory at the end of consonant clusters pasca vocal is
disappear. Most of consonant clusters pasca vocal in English terminated by the inhibition
consonant beside of consonant shift and nasal. Otherwise, Bahasa Indonesia has no consonants cluster in the end of a word, except in loaned word form. In Bahasa
Indonesia structure system; there are no consonant clusters moreover pasca vocal consonant clusters especially if the end of consonant that consonant clusters is
dental inhibition consonant. If the terms that absorbed on this type of cluster usually the inhibition consonant is deleted.
English Bahasa Indonesia
-st specialist
-s spelialis
-nt permanent
-n permanen
In the words or terms of syllabic, consonant clusters at the end of pasca vocal usually does not change and lost, even sometimes get the addition. Generally,
these words are international terms that entered after a lot of Indonesian people get an education. This led to the disyllabic clusters term pasca vocal to maintain
its inhibitory consonant.
English Bahasa Indonesia
-lm film
-lm film
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CHAPTER IV CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
A. Conclusion
