40 The table shows that lexical collocation was used more frequently then
grammatical collocation in the translated abstracts.
1. Grammatical Collocation
The use of grammatical collocation in the translated theses abstract was less than the use of lexical collocation. Most of the grammatical collocation was
used as the common collocation, in which these collocations were also found in spoken expression or non-academic context. The correctly produced collocations
could have been acquired through exposure to the language or they might have been positively transferred from Indonesian. The correct grammatical collocations
were produced since the some of them were commonly uttered and written. In this finding, the knowledge about fixed preposition facilitated students to produced
conventional grammatical collocation. Table 4.2 shows the number of grammatical collocation in the translated abstract based on its category in the
descriptor.
Table 4.2 Categories of Grammatical Collocation
Categories Numbers of Collocation Percentages
Commonly used and standard 10
23.8 Commonly used but not standard
Uncommonly used but standard 21
50 Uncommonly used and not standard
11 26.2
Total 42
100
The number of grammatical collocation that was commonly used but standard was the highest percentage that was 50. It could be concluded that the
41 use of grammatical collocation in the translated abstracts of undergraduate
students of the Economics Faculty was considered as uncommonly used in
international journal but it was standard. The collocations, such as in line with, intend to, look for, compare with, compare to, appropriate with, and in
accordance with, existed in the dictionary, Therefore these collocations were
considered as standard forms of collocation. Nevertheless, the collocations were uncommon to be used in an academic journal.
There was 26.2 uncommonly used and not standard grammatical collocation. These collocations were considered unconventional. In all of the
incorrect grammatical collocations, the errors were cases of selection or addition of an incorrect preposition. In addition, most of non-standard collocation seemed
to be caused by negative transfer from Indonesian. Accordingly, these collocations could not be used appropriately to translate Indonesian thesis
abstracts. Finally, the commonly used and standard grammatical collocation was
23.8. The grammatical collocations: based on, result of, according to, in order to, find out, related to, and consisted of; were used more frequently in the
translated thesis abstracts. They were notably mentioned as conventional collocation since these collocations had fixed preposition and were commonly
found in academic texts. Accordingly, these collocations could be used appropriately to translate Indonesian thesis abstracts.
42
2. Lexical Collocation
