Suggestions CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS

72 D : Distance P : Power R : Rank of imposition BR : Bald on Record 1. No face redress in great urgency 2. Metaphorical urgency for emphasis 3. Metaphorical entreatis stressing the hearer valuation 4. Channel noise 5. Task-oriented 6. Do not care to maintain hearer’s face 7. Sympathetic advice or warnings 8. FTA oriented-bald on record-usage PP : Positive politeness 1. Notice and attend to hearer 2. Exaggerate 3. Intensify interest to hearer 4. Use in group identity markers 5. Seek agreement 6. Avoid disagreement 7. Presupposeraiseassert a common ground 8. Joke 9. Assert or presuppose speaker’s knowledge of and concern for hearer’s wants 10. Offer and promise 11. Be optimistic 12. Include both speaker and hearer in the activity 13. Tell or ask for reason 14. Assume or assert reciprocity 15. Give gifts to hear NP : Negative politeness 1. Be conventionally indirect 2. Question, hedge 3. Be pessimistic 4. Minimize the imposition 5. Give deference 6. Apologize 7. Impersonalize 8. State the FTA as a general rule 9. Nominalize 10. Go on record as incurring debt or as not indebting the hearer OR : Off record 1. Give hints 10. Use rhetorical questions 2. Give association clues 11. Be ambigious 3. Presuppose 12. Be vague 4. Understate 13. Over-generalize 5. Overstate 14. Displace the hearer 6. Use tautologies 15. Be incomplete, use ellipsis 7. Use contradictions 8. Be ironic 9. Use metaphor 73 No. Data Types and Realizations Sociological Factors Explanation BR PP NP OR D P R 1. Oprah : Love, love love. Tweet, tweet. Whoo You. Amanda : Hi Oprah. I can’t believe I just said that. 2 √ Oprah greets the audiences of the program by employing the expression that is categorized as positive politeness strategy focused on exaggerate. It is because she uses exaggerate in the statements Love love love and Tweet tweet which are being stressed. In addition, there is a social distance between Oprah as the speaker and the audiences who are the students in Stanford Graduate School of Business.

2. Amanda : This campus has been buzzing

since the announcement was made last week that you’d be coming here. And I received. Oprah : Thank for the buzz. I’m so glad you know I still have the buzz. So good. 9 √ The expression performed by Oprah is classified as positive politeness spefically presuppose speaker’s knowledge and concern for hearer’s wants since Oprah wants the hearer to feel what she feels in the beginning of the program. It is proved in the uterance I’m so glad you know I still have the buzz. She feels happy because she is a person that the students are waiting for coming. Besides, there is a factor in the conversation which is social distance.

3. Amanda : And I thought some of these

quotes, I mean you share so much wisdom but these really spoke to me, and thought it would be a great way to frame our discussion. Oprah : Okay. 4 √ Oprah answers the explanation from the host, Amanda Facelle, just by saying Okay. The statement is classified as an off record politeness strategy because she employs less- than positive response to the hearer in the word Okay. Also, the factor influencing Oprah in doing the strategy is power because Oprah as a speaker and Amanda as a host, and Oprah has the authority to respond Amanda’s statement in short.

4. Amanda : Did you know that you wanted

to get into TV and media specifically? Oprah : No. I did not. I thought I was going to be a teacher. 5 √ In that occasion, Amanda as the host asks Oprah about the future that will bring her to TV and media. Oprah answers Amanda’s question by using off record focusing on overstate. She says more statements than are needed as required, because she can answer the question just only by using no. For the sociological factor involving Oprah Winfrey on performing the strategy is social distance.