researcher investigates the types of politeness strategies: bald on record, positive politeness, negative politeness, and off record firstly, then those types
can be realized in sub-strategies of politeness, and the sociological factors involving in doing politeness strategy.
According to the explanation, the researcher formulates the problems as follows:
1. what types of politeness strategies are most often used by Oprah Winfrey in View From The Top program in 2014?
2. how are politeness strategies realized by Oprah Winfrey in View From The Top program in 2014?
3. what are the sociological factors which influence the use of politeness
strategies by Oprah Winfrey in View From The Top program in 2014?
C. Objectives of the Study
Based on the problems formulated, the objectives of the research can be stated as follows:
1. to find out the types of politeness strategies that are most often used by Oprah Winfrey in View From The Top program in 2014,
2. to identify the realizations of politeness strategies used by Oprah Winfrey View From The Top program in 2014, and
3. to investigate the sociological factors which influence the use of politeness strategies by Oprah Winfrey in View From The Top program in 2014.
D. Significance of the Study
This research have two significances which positively can provide some contributions in learning linguistics mainly pragmatic study, both
theoretically and practically. 1. Theoretically, this research can enhance the information related to
pragmatic study that focuses on the types of politeness strategies, the realizations of politeness strategies, and sociological factors involving the
use of politeness strategies.
2.
Practically, this research is expected to give benefits to English Literature students majoring Linguistics who are interested in analyzing politeness
strategies under pragmatic approach as a reference for the approach and theory.
6
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
This chapter focuses on the theories related to the research. Some theories concern with pragmatics, politeness, politeness strategies, sociological factors,
and the object of the study. The further explanations can be presented as follows.
A. Theoretical Description 1. Pragmatics
According to Yule 1998 : 3, the definition of pragmatics is divided into four definitions. First, pragmatics is focused on the study of meaning between the
speaker and hearer in the communication. Second, pragmatics requires context which influences the topic of the conversation. Third, pragmatics is the study on
how the listeners can make understanding based on what the speaker said. Fourth, pragmatics is the study in which distance gives the effect to the speaker and hearer
expression. Those definitions are acceptable in order to understand the communication or conversation.
Another expert, Jacob L. Mey 2004 : 6 states that pragmatics is a study that concerned with the use of language which depend on the context and situation of
the society in the communication. Society is needed in the communication between two interlocutors.
Moreover, Leech in Trosborg, 1995 : 6 defines pragmatics as a study of meaning that is connected to speech situation. It means that the relation between
meaning and speech context are things which pragmatics exist on it. In conclusion
