Significance of the Study

Besides, FTA is a way which utterance or action threatens a person’s public self image, that is the definition from Yule 1998 : 61. It is shown in the utterance, “I’m going to tell him to stop that awful noise right now”. The example shows the way the speaker threatens her or his face to ask for the hearer with directly expression. b Politeness There are many definitions of politeness. Yule 1998 : 60 explains that the concept of politeness is a strategy to perform awareness of another person’s face, which means it is a method to reach the situation or context based on the social status or strata. Politeness is called pragmatic mechanism focused on a variety of structures that collaborate to the speaker to gain the smooth communication. Its definition is explained by Trosborg 1995 : 24. This concept supports the communication between the speaker and the hearer to create understanding each other. Watts 2003 defines that politeness is not something people got when they are born but it is something to be learned and to be adopted in the society. Then, it can be reflected in the social life since politeness is a thing that people learn step by step and there is no truth right in politeness because context and situation are two things that influence to do politeness. Based on some terminologies of politeness from those experts, politeness is a way to save awareness in people face, therefore it is very useful to figure out in the communication between the interlocutors. In order to do that, a certain type of strategies is needed to be chosen.

3. The Types and Realizations of Politeness Strategies

Politeness strategy is a strategy to do politeness. According to Brown and Levinson in Goody 1978, politeness strategies are divided into bald on record, positive politeness, negative politeness, and off record. The further descriptions of the strategies and realizations are shown below.

a. Bald on record strategy

Yule 1998 : 63 states that bald on record politeness strategy means an expression that directly addresses to other people or the hearers that usually using imperative form. This strategy happens when the speaker wants to do FTA with maximum efficiency more than he or she wants to satisfy. The realizations of bald on record politeness strategies are explained in the following section. 1 No face redress in great urgency According to Goody 1978 : 95-96, the strategy happens when the speaker and hearer have to understand each other in the conversation depending on the degree of urgency. The examples of the strategy that explained by Goody 1978 : 96 are in the utterances “Help” and “Watch out”. Based on the examples, the speaker needs the hearer to listen the speaker’s direction by using the sentences to reach the degree of urgency such as help and watch out. In addition, the speaker wants the hearer to do fast what the speaker wants so this urgency happens in those expressions. 2 Metaphorical urgency for emphasis As stated by Goody 1978 : 96, the second strategy of bald on record happens when the speaker speaks as if maximum efficiency and by using