C. Research Instruments
Research instrument is defined as a tool to prove the data analysis. In line with the statement, Vanderstoep and Johnston 2009 : 188 state that the main
instrument of the research is human. Thus, the researcher herself was the primary instrument of the research. In addition, there was the data sheet as the
secondary instrument of this research to support the data analysis. The example of data sheet of politeness strategies and sociological factors involving
politeness strategies can be seen as follows. Table 1. Sample Data Sheet of Politeness Strategies and Sociological Factors
used by Oprah Winfrey in View From The Top Program in 2014
No. Data
Types and Realizations Sociological
Factors Explanation
BR PP
NP OR
D P
R
1. Love,
love love.
Tweet, tweet. Whoo You.
2 √
Oprah greets the audiences of the
program by
employing the
expression categorized
as positive politeness
strategy focused
on exaggerate. It was because she
used exaggerate
information in the statements
that were
being stressed.
In addition,
there was
a social
distance between
Oprah as
the speaker and the
audiences who
were the students in
Stanford Graduate School
of Business.
D. Data Collection Techniques
The researcher did the following procedures for data collection: 1.
downloading the video of Oprah Winfrey in View From The Top program in 2014 from internet media,
2. watching the video of Oprah Winfrey in View From The Top program in
2014, 3.
searching the transcript of the interview
from a web page
http:www.singjupost.com, 4.
checking and re-checking the truthfullness of the script, 5.
taking notes to the data, 6.
making and filling the data sheet, and 7.
re-reading and re-watching the video as final step.
E. Data Analysis Techniques
The researcher did the following steps for analyzing the data: 1.
classifying the data and divided into the types and realizations of politeness strategies followed by the sociological factors,
2. identifying the data,
3. analyzing the data based on the research questions, and
4. making the conclusion based on the data and theory.
F. Data Trustworthiness
Data trustworthiness is a guide to check the credibility of the data analysis. To prove the data trusworthiness, the researcher needs a triangulation. In line
with the statement, Vanderstoep and Johnston 2009 : 179 state that
triangulation means a method as a way to check the trustworthiness of data in a research. To enrich the correctness of the data, the researcher consulted the
research to her lecturers who are expert in the area of the research, that are Titik Sudartinah, M.A. and Susana Widyastuti, Ph.D. Then, by doing peer reviewers,
the researcher discussed with the students who belong to the same study program and majoring in Linguistics, that are Nia Juliarti and Ratna Duwi
Haryanti to check and give suggestions in order to gain the accuracy of the data.
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