3. The third objective of the research is to investigate the sociological factors
influencing the use of politeness strategies performed by Oprah Winfrey in View From The Top program in 2014. The sociological factor that is mostly used by
Oprah Winfrey is social distance. It is marked by the existence of social attribute in the program between Oprah Winfrey as a speaker and Amanda Facelle as a
host. Obviously there is a distance between Oprah Winfrey as a well known person and Amanda Facelle as a student of Standford Graduate School of
Business. Then, rank of imposition factor shows in some of the data. It is because in the conversation of the talk show, Oprah Winfrey as a speaker seldom delivers
her statement to the hearer for doing task or requring something since the talk show as a formal meeting that concerns with discussion to share about some
topics. Because of the enjoying nuance in the program time by time, power is
less used by Oprah Winfrey. The evidence of the moment is power factor which only appears in the beginning of the program when there is still tension on it.
B. Suggestions
The researcher suggests that the readers who are interested with pragmatic analysis, this thesis can be a reference to add more information and knowledge
related to politeness strategies. The researcher also suggests that other researchers who have concerned with
pragmatic research, specifically under politeness strategies theory, cover up all the realizations profoundly based on the object such as talk show or interview.
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REFERENCES A. Printed Sources
Aulia, Karbelani. 2013. “Politeness Strategies Usage in Accompanying Assertive Illocutionary Acts on Barack Obama’s Speech and
Interview towards the Development of Islamic Center near Ground Zero”. The International Journal of Social Science, 161, 52-60.
Goody, Esther N. 1978. Questions and Politeness. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Holtgraves, Thomas. 2002. Language as Social Action: Social Psychology and Language Use. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Mey, Jacob L. 2004. Pragmatics: An Introduction. Oxford: Blackwell Publisher.
Trosborg, Anna. 1995. Interlanguage Pragmatics: Request, Complaints and Apologies. New York: Mouton de Gruyter.
Vanderstoep, S. W. and Deirdre D. J. 2009. Research Methods For Everyday Life. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Watts, R. J. 2003. Politeness. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Yule, George. 1998. Pragmatics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
B. Electronic Souces
Oprah Winfrey
on Carreer,
Life and
Leadership Transcript.
http:www.singjupost.comoprah-winfrey-career-life-leadership- transcript. Retrieved on 3 April 2016.
Oprah Winfrey
on Carreer,
Life and
Leadership Video.
https:www.youtube.comwatch?v=6DlrqeWrczs. Retrieved on
3 April 2016. Shohibussiri, Muh. 2011. An Analysis of Politeness Strategy in Putra
Nababan’s Interview
with Barack
Obama. https:repository.uinjkt.ac.id Retrieved on 10 March 2016.
APPENDICES
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D : Distance
P : Power
R : Rank of imposition
BR : Bald on Record 1. No face redress in great urgency
2. Metaphorical urgency for emphasis 3. Metaphorical entreatis stressing the hearer valuation
4. Channel noise 5. Task-oriented
6. Do not care to maintain hearer’s face 7. Sympathetic advice or warnings
8. FTA oriented-bald on record-usage
PP : Positive politeness 1.
Notice and attend to hearer 2.
Exaggerate 3.
Intensify interest to hearer 4.
Use in group identity markers 5.
Seek agreement 6.
Avoid disagreement 7.
Presupposeraiseassert a common ground 8.
Joke 9.
Assert or presuppose speaker’s knowledge of and concern for hearer’s wants
10. Offer and promise 11. Be optimistic
12. Include both speaker and hearer in the activity 13. Tell or ask for reason
14. Assume or assert reciprocity 15. Give gifts to hear
NP : Negative politeness 1. Be conventionally indirect
2. Question, hedge 3. Be pessimistic
4. Minimize the imposition 5. Give deference
6. Apologize 7. Impersonalize
8. State the FTA as a general rule 9. Nominalize
10. Go on record as incurring debt or as not indebting the hearer
OR : Off record 1.
Give hints 10. Use rhetorical questions
2. Give association clues
11. Be ambigious 3.
Presuppose 12. Be vague
4. Understate
13. Over-generalize 5.
Overstate 14. Displace the hearer
6. Use tautologies
15. Be incomplete, use ellipsis 7.
Use contradictions 8.
Be ironic 9.
Use metaphor
