basal sterile florets, 1 fertile florets, without rachilla extention; elliptic, or oblong, laterally compressed, falling entire; callus pubescent, or pilose, or bearded, base
obtuse, attached transversely. Glumes exceeding apex of florets, firmer than fertile lemma, thin; the lower broad and hairy at the apex, the upper awned. Florets: lower
floret male in the sessile spikelet, neuter in the pedicelled; upper floret female in the pedicelled spikelet, hermaphrodite in the sessile, lemma deeply cleft, with a long
slender awn, Stamens 1, or 2.
72.1. Pogonatherum paniceum Lam. Hack. Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 12: 178. 1906.
Pogonatherum crinitum Trin., Enum. Pl. 1: 478. 1833. Sacccharum paniceum Lam., Encycl. 1: 595, f. 1. 1785; Grass. Burma, Ceylon,
India Pakistan i-xviii, 1-767. 1960. Pogonatherum polystachyum Willd. Roem. Schult., Syst. Veg. 2: 497. 1817;
J. Arnold Arbor. 31: 130-132. 1950.
Plants perennial, tufted grass. Culms 25-50 cm long, slender, terete, with very narrow central cavity, hard, glabrous, branched from the base. Nodes hairy. Sheaths 3
cm long, rounded, hairy, one margin hairy. Ligule 1 mm long, a ciliolate membrane. Blades 7 cm long by 3 mm long, lanceolate, acuminate, abruptly narrowed at the
sheath, inrolled, scaberulous on the back and margins. Inflorescence 3 cm long, spike- like raceme, slender, usually golden-hairy from the long spreading awns. Spikelets in
pairs, one sessile, one pedicelled, along the filamentous, flattened axis, with long setose hairs on the angles, internodes 1 mm long. Sessile spikelets callus short, blunt,
furnished with long setose bristles. Glumes dissimilar, exceeding apex of florets. Lower glume 1.5 mm long. Upper glume 1.8 mm long, similarly hyaline, 1-nerved,
folded about the nerve which is excurrent into a long awn – 10-12 mm long. Lower floret absent; palea delicately hyaline, linear, 2-toothed. Stamens 2. Anthers 1 mm
long; upper lemma delicately hyaline with an apical notch and 2 minutely setose points with a long kneed and twisted awn from the notch, lemma 1.6 mm long plus awn 16
mm long; stamens 1; anthers 1 mm long; stigmata 2, plumose. Pedicelled spikelet similar, but smaller, usually 1-flowered and female only; pedicel as long as the rachis-
internodes.
Notes
Found in Africa, Western Asia, Arabia, China, Eastern Asia, India, Indo-China, Malesia, and Australia.
Distribution at Sulawesi
North: Paguyaman, Nantu nature reserve, Alt. 70 m; Mts. Soputan, Alt. 1100 m; Manado, Tonsealama, Alt. 700 m. Central: Luwuk Area, on road from Kayutanyu to
Siuna, 0 51’ S 123
00’E; Palu, Sidaenta, Kulawi, Alt. 900. South: Surroundings of Matano Lake near Soroako, NE of Malili, 2
35’ S 121 20’ E; Bantimurung and
vicinity, Alt. 50 m; Celebes O, Masamba Luwu, Kanandede Palopo, Alt. 600 m; Maros, Alt. 95 m.
Habitat
Ultrabasic region, riverbank grass, on soil or rocks.
Specimen examined
Lasut 711, 1111 WALL; Sabintoe 33 WALL; Meijer 11422 BO; Coode 5832 BO; Posthumus 2275 BO; Buwalda 3700 BO; Steup 225 BO; Wisse 10
BO; leg. ign. 49 BO. 73.
POLYTOCA R. Br. Type: Polytoca bracteata R. Br. Pl. Jav. Rar. 20. 1838.
Cyathorachis Nees ex Steud. Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 403. 1854; Blumea 473: 545-580. 2002.
One species, India, China, Indo-China, and Malesia. Plants annual, or perennial. Culms with prop roots. Ligule a ciliolate membrane. Blades linear, or lanceolate.
Inflorescence monoecious, with male terminal and mixed axillary inflorescence. Synflorescence simple, or compound, fasciculate. Inflorescence composed of racemes,
axillary, subtended by a spatheole, embraced at base by subtending leaf. Spatheole lanceolate, herbaceous. Spikelets embracing internode, in pairs. Fertile spikelets
sessile, 1 in the cluster. Companion sterile spikelets pedicelled, 1 in the cluster. Male spikelets sessile and pedicelled, 2 in the cluster. Pedicels fused to internode. Glumes
exceeding apex of florets, firmer than fertile lemma. Lower glume indurate, 2-keeled, winged on keel. Upper glume coriaceous, no keels, 7-nerved. Florets: basal sterile
florets barren, without significant palea. Fertile florets female; hyaline, or cartiloginous, no keel, no wings, 9-nerved.
73.1. Polytoca digitata L.f. Druce. Rep. Bot. Exch. Club 4: 641. 1917.
