long overall, with twisted column, column of lemma awn glabrous; palea absent or minute. Anthers 3, 2-2.5 mm long.
Notes
Found in India, Indo-China, and Malesia.
Distribution at Sulawesi
South: N. Shore of Lake Matano, Bonemaitu, Alt. 420 m.
Habitat
Primary forest to 30 m high, locally disturbed. High banks of the lake and base of the hills, deep clayey soil derived from ultrabasic bedrock.
Specimen examined
Vogel 6225 BO.
79.4. Saccharum spontaneum L. Mant. Pl. 2: 183. 1771.
Saccharum aegyptiacum Willd. Enum. Pl. 82. 1809; Bull. Bot. Soc. Bengal. 8: 143-148. 1954; Baileya 23: 109-125. 1991.
Saccharum arenicola Ohwi, Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. 26: 3. 1949; Baileya 23: 109- 125. 1991.
Saccharum klagha Jungh. ex Steud., Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 405. 1854.
Plants perennial,erect, rhizome elongated. Culms c. 200 cm long, slender, robust, waxy below nodes; basal internodes c. 15 mm thick. Sheaths c. 20 cm long,
overlapping, glabrous, striate. Ligule c. 4 mm long, a membraneous rim, with a few long hairs on auricle. Blades c. 65 cm by 25 mm long, narrow linear-acuminate,
attenuate into a long acuminate point, the margins scaberulous, glabrous. Inflorescence c. 40 cm long by 50 mm long, a raceme with the axis silky below,
branches short and silky, numerous, articulate and whorled, each raceme with alternate pairs of spikelets, one sessile, one pedicelled, and breaking up into units with the
spikelet pairs and the joint subtending the pair next above; sessile spikelet with a short callus common to the pedicell and joint, and carrying long silky hairs 1.5 cm long;
lower glume 3.4 mm long, 2-nerved, the margins infolded about the nerves and fimbriate, the nerves slightly scaberulous, narrowly lanceolate-acuminate, the 2 nerves
continuing into the tip; upper glume 3.4 mm long, 1-nerved, and folded about the nerve which is continued to form the tip; upper lemma a narrow, fimbriate, hyaline,
scale 3 mm long; palea absent; lower lemma 3.2 mm long, hyaline, fimbriate; palea a hyaline, fimbriate, scale 1 mm long; stamens 3; anthers 1.3 mm long; stigmata
plumose; lodicule 2, cuneate.
Notes
Found in Souteastern Europe, Africa, Western Asia, Arabia, China, India, Indo-China, Malesia, Australia, Pasific, and South America.
Distribution at Sulawesi
Central: Sidaenta - Kulawi, Palu, Alt. 600 m; Kulawi, Palu, Alt. 750 m; Kp.
Laut Tawar, Lake Tempe. South: Lombasang, Alt. 1050 m; Malino; Bosito Parang; Bantimurung and vicinity, Alt. 50 m. Southeast: Bau-bau, Buton. Southeast: Trail to
Mekongga, Alt. 50 m.
Habitat
Sunny or light shaded, steep slope of ravines, forest-edges.
Specimen examined
Bloembergen 4261 BO; Posthumus 2374 BO; Vuuren Noerkas 368 BO; Bunnemeijer 11331, 11408, 10783, 10617 BO; Buwalda 3811 BO; Kjellberg 177
BO; Kurniawan 222 WALL. 81.
SCHIZACHYRIUM Nees. Fl. Bras. Enum. Pl. 21: 331-332. 1829. Type:
Schizachyrium brevifolium Sw. Nees ex Buse. Pl. Jungh. 3: 359. 1854. Andropogon sect. Schizachyrium Nees Benth. Fl. Austral. 7: 535. 1878; Contr.
U.S. Natl. Herb. 46: 560-569. 2003. Andropogon subgen. Schizachyrium Nees Hack. Fl. Bras. 24: 296. 1883.
Schizopogon Rchb. ex Spreng. Gen. Pl. 1: 55. 1830. Ystia Compere, Bull. Jard. Bot. Etat. 33: 400. 1963; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 46:
560-569. 2003.
From the Greek schizein “to split”, and achuron “chaff”, alluding to the cleft upper lemma.
About 85 species in the world, from Africa, Asia, Australasia, Pasifik, and America. Plants annual, or perennial. Culms slender, tufted. Inflorescence spike-like
flase panicles in solitary racemes at the end of the main axis and branches, of spikelets in dissimilar pairs, 1 sessile and bisexual, the other pedicelled male or neuter, often
much reduced. Rachis many-jointed, breaking and falling rith the spikelet pair. Joints and pedicels stout, clavate, 2-toothed. Sessile spikelets callus short, short-bearded at
the base. Glumes almost similar, the lower more or less convex or flat on the back, sharply inflexed, 2-keeled extending into points, the upper narrowly boat-shaped to
dorsally flatteneded, keeled, 1-3-nerved, margins ciliate. Lemmas ciliolate of lower floret 2-nerved, of upper floret bifid, sometimes deeply cleft, bearing an awn from the
notch. Pedicelled spikelets similar but broader and flatter, or reduced.
Key to the species
1.a. Culms up to 25 cm long ......................................81.2. Schizachyrium fragile
b. Culms 30-90 cm long .......................................................................................2 2.a. Ligule a ciliolate membrane, less than 1 mm long; spikelets alternately on either
side of a central rachis; upper glume hyaline, boat-shaped; anthers up to 0.5 mm long ............................................81.1. Schizachyrium brevifolium
b. Ligule an eciliate membrane, up to 1.3 mm long; spikelets appressed; upper glume membraneous, lanceolate; anthers up to 1 mm long ...............................
....................................................................81.3. Schizachyrium pseudeulalia 81.1.
Schizachyrium brevifolium Sw. Nees. Pl. Jungh. 3: 359. 1854.
Andropogon brevifolium Sw. Prodr. 26. 1788; Grass. Burma, Ceylon, India Pakistan i-xviii, 1-767. 1960.
Andropogon obtusifolius Poir. Encycl. 1: 583. 1910; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 46: 560-569. 2003.
Plants annual, decumbent. Culms 30 cm long, diameter 2 mm long, slender, glabrous, branched from the base. Nodes glabrous; internodes 10 cm long, glabrous.
Sheaths 4 cm long, glabrous. Ligule less than 1 mm long, a ciliolate membrane. Blades 6 cm long by 4 mm long, oblong, margin serulate with short hairy on the base,
base cuneate, the surface glabrous on both side. Inflorescence c. 15 cm long, a series of spike-like racemes, each in its own spathe, racemosely arranged on slender branches
towards the apex of the culm; racemes of pairs of spikelets, one sessile and one pedicelled, alternately on either side of a central rachis, the joints and pedicels
subequal, the joints clavate, concave on the side towards th spikelet and 2-toothed, 2 mm long. Sessile spikelet, callus short, rounded, hairy; lower glume, flat lanceolate,
apex slightly bilobed, 5-nerved; upper glume hyaline, 1-nerved, boat-shaped, scaberulous on the back of the nerve; lower floret represented by a lemma, delicately
hyaline, lanceolate scale, the margins with a few setose hairs; upper floret hermaphrodite; lemma delicately hyaline, lanceolate, with an apical sinus 0.8 mm long
from which a scaberulous short awn 1.6 mm long is produced; palea absent; stamens 2; anthers, 0.5 mm long; stigmata 2, plumose. Pedicelled spikelets much reduced with a
slender awn, 1.4 mm long.
Notes
Found in China, Eastern Asia, Malesia, Australia, and Pasific.
Distribution at Sulawesi
South: Lasao, Alt. 100 m; Marada, Kp. Amassing Kahoe-Bone, DaoeE Liboerang-Bone.
Habitat Specimen examined
Kjellberg 1164, 1165 BO; leg. ign. 7 BO.
81.2. Schizachyrium fragile R. Br. A. Camus. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon 70:87. 1924.
