bearded, base truncate, 1.5 length of spikelets. Glumes similar, firmer then fertile lemma. Lower glume lanceolate, as long as spikelet, membraneous, 2-keeled, primary
nerves scabrous, surface flat, villous, margins ciliate, hairs c. 5 mm long, apex acuminate. Upper glume lanceolate, as long as spikelet, membraneous, without keels,
3-nerved, margins ciliate, apex acute. Florets: basal sterile florets barren, without significant palea; lemma linear, hyaline, 1-nerved, without lateral nerves, ciliolate on
margins, acute; fertile lemma linear, hyaline, 1-nerved; palea absent. Lodicules 2, cuneate, ciliate. Anthers 3.
Notes
Found in China, Eastern Asia, India, Indo-China, and Malesia.
Distribution
North: Paguyaman river. South: NE of Makasar within 54-60 km on the road, Karaenta, 05
01’ S 119 35’ E. Southeast: Kendari, Alt. 0 m.
Habitat
On the river banks.
Specimen examined Harreveld
s.n. BO; Meijer 10898 BO; Kjellberg 548 BO.
79.2. Saccharum barberi Jeswiet. Arch. Suikerindustr. Ned. Ned.-Indiee 12:
396obs.. 1925. Saccharum officinarum supsp. barberi Jeswiet Burkill. Dict. Econ. Prod.
Malay Penins. 2: 1927. 1935; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 46: 550-557. 2003; Bull. Bot. Soc. Bengal 8: 143-148. 1954.
Plants perennial, caespitose, no rhyzomes. Culms 150-500 cm by 15-30 mm, robust, solid. Sheaths deciduous. Ligule a ciliolate membrane. Blades 100-180 cm by
20-60 mm. Inflorescence a panicle with branches tipped by a raceme. Panicle open, ovate, dense, 20-55 cm long, axis and branches hirsute. Rachis fragile at the nodes,
subterete. Spikelets in pairs: fertile spikelets sessile and pedicelled, 2 in the cluster, subequal; pedicels filiform. Fertile spikelets comprising 1 basal sterile florets, 1 fertile
florets, without rhachilla extension; lanceolate, dorsally compressed, 3-3.5 mm long, falling entire, deciduous from the base, or with accessory branch structures; callus
bearded, base truncate, hairs white, 2-3 length of spikelet. Glumes similar, firmer than fertile lemma. Lower glume as long as spikelet, lanceolate, membraneous, 2-keeled, 2-
nerved, surface flat, apex acuminate. Upper glume lanceolate, membraneous, no keels,
1-nerved; lateral nerves absent, apex acute. Florets: basal sterile florets barren, without significant palea; lemma of lower sterile florets lanceolate, hyaline, 0-nerved,
no midnerve and lateral nerves, acute. Fertile lemma linear, hyaline, 0-nerved; palea absent or minute. Lodicules 2, cuneate, glabrous. Anthers 3.
Notes
India, Malesia, and United States.
Distribution at Sulawesi Celebes
Habitat Specimen examined
Kurniawan s.n. WALL.
79.3. Saccharum fastigiatum Ness ex Steud. Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 409. 1854.
Erianthus fastigiatus Nees ex Steud. Hack., Monogr. Phan. 6: 150. 1889. Plants perennial. Culms 100-150 cm long. Sheaths as wide as blade at the
collar, oral hairs bearded. Ligule a ciliolate membrane. Blades 30-60 cm by 5-7 mm, stiff, glaucous, surface glabrous, rough abaxially, margins scabrous, apex acuminate.
Inflorescence composed of racemes; peduncle pubescent above. Racemes numeruous, borne along central axis, 5-10 cm long. Rachis fragile at the nodes, subterete, ciliate
on margins. Spikelets in pairs: fertile spikelets sessile and pedicelled, 2 in the cluster; pedicels linear, angular, ciliate. Fertile spikelets comprising 1 basal sterile florets, 1
fertile florets, without rachilla extension. Spikelets 4-5 mm long, lanceolate, dorsally compressed, falling entire, deciduous fromyhe base, or with accesory branch
structures; callus square, pilose, base obtuse, attached obliquely. Glumes dissimilar, exceeding apex apex of florets, firmer than fertile lemma. Lower glume elliptic, as
long as spikelet, chartaceous, 2-keeled, surface concave, villous, hairs white, apex dentate, bifid. Upper glume lanceolate, chartaceous, with membraneous margins, 1-
keeled, 1-nerved; primary nerve scaberulous, lateral nerves absent, surface pilose, hairy above; hairs white, apex acute, or acuminate, muticuous. Florets: basal sterile
florets barren, without significant palea. Lemma of lower sterile floret lanceolate, 3-5 mm long, 0.8 length of spikelet, membraneous, eciliate on margins. Fertile lemma
oblong, 2-3 mm long, hyaline, no keels, 3-nerved; lemma margins ciliate, hairy above, apex dentate, bifid, awned; principal lemma awn from a sinus, geniculate, 12.5 mm
long overall, with twisted column, column of lemma awn glabrous; palea absent or minute. Anthers 3, 2-2.5 mm long.
Notes
Found in India, Indo-China, and Malesia.
Distribution at Sulawesi
South: N. Shore of Lake Matano, Bonemaitu, Alt. 420 m.
Habitat
Primary forest to 30 m high, locally disturbed. High banks of the lake and base of the hills, deep clayey soil derived from ultrabasic bedrock.
Specimen examined
Vogel 6225 BO.
79.4. Saccharum spontaneum L. Mant. Pl. 2: 183. 1771.
