Gaya Memengaruhi Penerapan Hukum Newton Cahaya B. Pemantulan

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A. Gaya Memengaruhi

Gerak Benda

B. Penerapan Hukum Newton

Dinamika Gerak 6D:2 6?562D: 82B:C A6=2B: 22? 6A6B46A2D =2B:?H2 ,6D6=296=6G2D:82B:C5:222?6A6B=232D=2B:?H2 A229 H2?86A6B46A2D52?6A6B=232D86B2A6=2B:D6BC63ED :,?52D6=296A6=2;2B:86B252?9EE9EE6GD? D6?D2?886B2 2=269:5EA2?C692B:92B:?52D:52A6B?29D6B=6A2C 52B:86B2 ,6B2?82?236B=2B:6?86;2B3=2?5236B;2=2?6C6=29 52?3EC36B86B26?:?882=2?D6B:?2=6BEA22?3636B2A24?D9 86B2 A229C636?2B?H2H2?86?H63232?36?5236B86B2 2D:=2936?5236?5236B86B25:C6:D2B?52:C2=?H23:= C6A652DB52?36?52H2?836B2HE?A252C6ED2CD2=: 282:2?229 :C:26?;6=2C2?D6B;25:?H286B2?5222?6292:?H2C6D6=29 6A6=2;2B:323:?: menerapkan Hukum Newton sebagai prinsip dasar dinamika untuk gerak lurus, gerak vertikal, dan gerak melingkar beraturan. Setelah mempelajari bab ini, Anda harus mampu: menerapkan konsep dan prinsip dasar kinematika dan dinamika benda titik. Hasil yang harus Anda capai: Setelah melewati garis finish, pelari memperlambat laju larinya. Bab 5 Sumber: Bergulir dan Mengalir,2004 Di unduh dari : Bukupaket.com 84 Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas X

A. Gaya Memengaruhi Gerak Benda

25223?52D6=296A6=2;2B:86B2CE2DE36?52D2?A26=:92D 2A2H2?86?H63232?86B236?52D6BC63ED ,E3323:?:22?63292C A6?H632352B:86B2 252AB:?C:A?H2H2?866?82BE9:86B2CE2DE36?52252=2982H2 2 =2:=E :C:282H26BEA22??C6AH2?8C2?82DA6?D:?8 523636B2A2 24282H2H2?8C6B:?85:;EA2::C2=?H282H236B2D82H2DD52?82H2A682C E3E?82?2?D2B286B236?5256?82?82H2H2?866?82BE9:36?52 D6BC63ED5:3292C5:52=29EE9EE6GD?D6?D2?886B2

1. Hukum I Newton

,6D:2A 36?52 6:=:: 646?56BE?82? E?DE 6A6BD292?2? 65E5E2??H2 ,63E29 36?52 52=2 62522? 5:2 6:=:: 646?56BE?82? E?DE D6D2A 5:2 ,632=:?H2 36?52 52=2 62522? 36B86B26:=::646?56BE?82?E?DED6D2A36B86B2 ,:72DC6A6BD::?: 5:?222?2D2E ,:72D6=6322?52A2D?52B2C22?6D:2?5236B2525: 52=2 6?52B22?H2?8C652?836B86B26E5:2?C642B2D:32D:326?52B22?D6BC63ED 5:B6C69:?882?52D6B5B?8656A2? 2=:?:D6B;25:2B6?2C636=E A6?86B62??5252=262522?36B86B2656A2?56?82?646A2D2?C22 56?82?6?52B22?C69:?8826D:25:B6?52D6B5B?8656A2?2B6?2 ?526:=::646?56BE?82?E?DED6D2A36B86B2 A2H2?822??52 2=2:6D:26?52B22?E=2:36B86B2632=:6?82A256::2? ,:72D6=6322?36?525:E?82A2?=690 41-,C63282: EE6GD? EE6GD?6?H2D22?329G2 ... Aktivitas Fisika 5.1 Kelembaman Tujuan Percobaan Mengamati sifat kelembaman benda Alat-Alat Percobaan 1. Selembar kertas 2. Gelas 3. Uang logam Langkah-Langkah Percobaan 1. Letakkan selembar kertas di permukaan sebuah gelas, kemudian di atas kertas tersebut letakkan sebuah uang logam koin seperti pada Gambar 5.1. 2. Tariklah kertas dengan cara dihentakkan. Di manakah koin itu jatuh? 3. Tariklah kertas secara perlahan-lahan. Apa yang terjadi dengan koin tersebut? 4. Apa yang Anda simpulkan dari kegiatan ini? 2+++. -,0., + , 0- 0- 21 +22 1 , Tes Kompetensi Awal A2H2?8?526D29E:D6?D2?882H2 A229A6B2?2?86B252=269:5EA2?C692B:92B: 282:2?2 9E3E?82? 2?D2B2 82H2 2CC2 52? A6B46A2D2? 2A2D29C63E2936?5236B86B2;:2D:5225282H2 H2?8366B;2A25236?52D6BC63ED -E=:C2?=294?D986B252=269:5EA2?C692B:92B:C6BD2 C63ED2?82H2H2?866?82BE9:86B22?36?52D6BC63ED Gambar 5.1 Ketika kertas ditarik dengan cara dihentakkan, di manakah koin ini jatuh? Tokoh Sir Isaac Newton lahir di Woolsthorpe, Lincolnshire, Inggris pada 25 Desember 1642. Pada 1661, Newton berkesempatan belajar di Trinity College, Cambridge, dan lulus pada 1665. Penemuannya antara lain dalam bidang matematika jenis baru saat itu, yakni kalkulus, penemuan dalam bidang cahaya dan warna, dan hukum-hukum tentang gerak termasuk hukum gravitasi. Hukum-hukum tentang gerak yang menghebohkan ialah rumusan dalam jurnalnya yang terkenal, Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica atau disebut juga Principia. Sumber: Jendela IPTEK, 1997 Sir Isaac Newton 1642 – 1727 Di unduh dari : Bukupaket.com 85 Dinamika Gerak

2. Hukum II Newton

2H2H2?8366B;2A252C63E2936?526?H63232?36?52D6BC63ED 36B86B25:A6B46A2D2D2E5:A6B=232D EE6GD?6A6=2;2B: 9E3E?82?2?D2B282H2H2?8366B;2A252C63E2936?5256?82?A6B46A2D2? H2?85:D:3E=2?=6982H2D6BC63ED 6B:ED:?:22?5:=2E2?68:2D2? C656B92?2 ,6D6=296=2E2?68:2D2?D6BC63ED?525:92B2A2?52A2D 6292:9E3E?82?2?D2B282H22CC236?5252?A6B46A2D2? 36?52H2?8366B;2A25236?52D6BC63ED ,6D6=296=2E2? 131 0 0 ?52 D6=29 6292: 9E3E?82?2?D2B22CC2A6B46A2D2?52?A25236?52H2?8B6CE=D2?82H2 H2?85:2=2:?H2D:52C22?= 6B52C2B2?A6B4322?D6BC63ED?52 A6B=699E3E?82?2?D2B282H252?A6B46A2D2??H2H2:DE N 52AE?92B826C632?5:?82??H2:DE6?E?;E2?EEB2?6=6 322?H2?85::=::36?52H2:DE2CC2 ,642B22D62D:CA6BC222??H2 52A2D5:DE=:CC63282:36B:ED N 0 + , 6 5:6?2= C63282: EE 6GD? H2?8 A6B?H2D22??H2C642B2=6?82A252=29329G2A. .. . . Aktivitas Fisika 5.2 Hubungan antara Massa, Percepatan, dan Gaya Tujuan Percobaan Menyelidiki hubungan antara massa, percepatan, dan gaya pada benda yang mengalami gerak lurus berubah beraturan. Alat-Alat Percobaan 1. 2 buah balok kayu bermassa m 1 2. Meja 3. Beban bermassa m 2 , m 2 m 1 4. Tali 5. Troli 6. Pewaktu ketik Langkah-Langkah Percobaan 1. Susunlah alat percobaan seperti pada Gambar 5.2. 2. Nyalakan pewaktu ketik. 3. Lepaskan troli sehingga troli bergerak. 4. Amati jejak pada pewaktu ketik. 5. Hitunglah percepatan troli tersebut. 6. Lakukan langkah 2 sampai 5 untuk massa di atas troli sebesar 2 m 1 , seperti pada Gambar 5.2 b. 7. Apakah percepatan yang dialami kedua percobaan itu sama? Mengapa demikian? 8. Bagaimana hubungan antara m 1 dan a, juga hubungan antara 2m 1 dan a? 9. Bagaimana hubungan antara F = m 2 g dan a? m 1 a b balok m 2 m 1 m 1 Gambar 5.2 a Balok bermassa m 1 diletakkan di atas troli dan ditarik oleh gaya F dari beban m 2 . b Balok bermassa 2 m 1 diletakkan di atas troli dan ditarik oleh gaya F dari m 2 . m 2 beban beban balok balok Di unduh dari : Bukupaket.com 86 Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas X 2H252?A6B46A2D2?252=2936C2B2?F6DBC652?82?2CC236?52 252=2936C2B2?C2=2B =692B6?2:DE82H25:DE=:CC63282:36B:ED 6D6B2?82? 82H2H2?8366B;2A25236?52 2CC236?528 A6B46A2D2?36?52 C 2=2,C2DE2?82H2252=298 C 5:C63ED;E82?6GD? . ,5:567:?:C:2?C63282:.. N ,63E2936?5236B2CC2 836B86B256?82?646A2D2?2G2= C5:2D2C3:52?852D2B =:4:?6E5:2?36?52D6BC63ED5:36B:82H2D6D2AC62B2956?82?86B236?52 ,6D6=29 6?6AE9;2B2646A2D2?36?526?;25: C -6?DE2?36C2B82H2D6BC63ED 4 :6D29E: + C 8 + C 6BC222?86B2 + N+ N + + C N C C

3. Hukum III Newton

2D2?C6ED2CD2=:A25232D2?8A9?6B2D6B2D282BD2=:D:52=6A2C C6A6BD:A252 + 682?8D2=:A252;2B23636B2A26D6B:B:?8 2?DE3E9?52C23:=6?2B:D2=:H2?8CE529D6BA2C2?8 ?52D:52 ;2DE93E2?2CEC:?:5:D2?82A=696GD?56?82?6?H2D22?329G2 . . .., 2526;25:2?D6BC63ED2525E282H2H2?836B=2G2?2?H2:DE82H2D2B: =69 2?2 D6B9252A A9? 5:C63ED . C652?82? A9? 6A6BD292?2?2?256?82?82H2H2?8C225:C63ED. ,62:? 36C2B82H22C:H2?85:6?22?D6B9252AA9?C62:?36C2B82H2B62C: H2?85:36B:2?A9? N 2H22C:52?82H2B62C:366B;2A2525E236?52H2?836B365256?82? 2B2936B=2G2?2? 6B92D:2? + EE5:D2B:E:,F6BD:2=632G29 H2?836C2B?H2C636B2D3EE 6;2636B:2?82H25B?86A252 3EEH2?8C2236C2B56?82?82H28B2F:D2C:E:,C69:?882;E=29 65E282H2H2?8366B;2A2523EEC2256?82??= 82BD:52C2=29 A6BC6AC:65E282H2D6BC63ED3E2?A2C2?82?2C:B62C:2B6?2D:52 366B;2A25236?52H2?836B3652 Gambar 5.3 Putut menarik tali yang diikatkan pada pohon. Contoh 5.1 6?EBEDEE6GD? 8 C 8 C 25:82H2H2?8366B;2A25236?52252=29 4 m F v m = 2 kg Gambar 5.4 Gaya aksi dan gaya reaksi terjadi pada buku dan meja. N gaya tekan meja pada buku gaya tekan meja pada buku gaya reaksi w gaya gravitasi Bumi pada buku gaya tekan buku pada meja gaya aksi F F F F F = gaya tarik pohon terhadap anak F , = gaya tarik anak terhadap pohon Sebuah palu bermassa 2 kg diayunkan vertikal ke bawah dengan kecepatan 20 ms. Palu tersebut menghantam sebuah paku, mengakibatkan paku masuk sedalam 5 cm ke dalam kayu. Hitunglah gaya hantam palu. Tantangan untuk Anda Di unduh dari : Bukupaket.com 87 Dinamika Gerak 252 + 3EE6?62?6;2C69:?882636B:2?82H2 2C:H2?82B29?H2632G29 ,63282:B62C:?H26;26?62?3EEH2?8 2B29?H262D2CC69:?882636B:2?82H2B62C: 65E282H2:?: 36C2B?H2C2252?36B=2G2?2?2B29C6BD2 366B;2A2525E236?52H2?8 36B3652 =692B6?2:DEA2C2?82?82H2:?:6BEA22?A2C2?82?2C: B62C: 6C:?DEB3A6C2G2D636B:2?82H22C:6=2=E:82C3E2?86328:2? 36=22?8 ,632=:?H2C63EB2?82C3E2?8B6D6?892C:=2?82H2B62C: H2?86?H63232?A6C2G2DD6B5B?8656A2?2B6?22CC282C3E2?8 C2?82D64:= 2CD6BC63ED6?H63EB636=22?856?82?646A2D2?D:?88: 2H22C:52B:6C:?DEB36C:?A6C2G2DC2236C2B?H256?82?82H2B62C: 52B:C63EB2?82CD6D2A:2B29?H236B=2G2?2?

4. Gaya Berat

6D:2?526=6A2B2?E2?8=8262D2C2A2H2?8D6B;25: .2?8=82D6BC63ED22?36B86B2?2:9:?8826D:?88:2?2C:E 6E5:2?E2?8=82D6BC63ED22?;2DE9632=:6E: :2?52 6=6A2C2?E2?8=8252B:6D:?88:2?D6BD6?DE52B:D2?29E2?8=82 D6BC63ED;E8222?;2DE96E: .2?8=8222?C6=2=E;2DE96E: 56?82?A6B46A2D2?D6BD6?DE2B6?2252?H282H28B2F:D2C:E:A252E2?8 =82 ,6E236?5222?6?82=2:A6B46A2D2?H2?8C22D2?A25:A6?82BE9: 2CC2?H2 ?52?222?A6B46A2D2?:?:56?82?A6B46A2D2?8B2F:D2C: H2?836C2B?H2 C 52?5:=232?82?56?82? 2B: EE 6GD? H2?8 D6=29 ?52 A6=2;2B: ?52 52A2D 6?E=:C2?82H28B2F:D2C: 8 A25236?5236B2CC2C63282:36B:ED 8 6?82?6?88E?22? 52?6?E=:C2??H2E?DE82H28B2F:D2C: 5:A6B=69 4 Gambar 5.5 Gaya aksi dan gaya reaksi terjadi pada mesin turbo pesawat. turbin digerakkan oleh gas panas bahan bakar terbakar di dalam bilik bakar baling-baling meniup udara ke sekeliling mesin aliran udara kompresor tahap kedua meningkatkan tekanan kompresor tahap pertama menekan udara masuk buangan jet N 6D6B2?82? 482H236B2D?6GD? 2CC236?528 A6B46A2D2?8B2F:D2C: C Massa dan berat bukan besaran yang sama. Satuan massa adalah kg dan satuan berat adalah newton. Ingatlah :2A6B46A2D2?8B2F:D2C:5:?D:2?2 C 36B2A236B2D36?52H2?82CC2?H28 5:?D:2?2 4 :6D29E: 8 C Contoh 5.2 Di unduh dari : Bukupaket.com 88 Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas X ,6AD?832=2CC2?H2 8D6B=6D25:2D2C=2?D2: 2=D6BC63ED5:D2B:=6982H2 F6BD:2=62D2CC636C2B :2 C 36B2A229A6B46A2D2?H2?85:36B:2? A25232=D6BC63ED 4 :6D29E: 25232=366B;25E282H2H2:DE82H236B2D,52?82H2D2B:F6BD:2=62D2C , 8 C 6B46A2D2?36?525:D6?DE2?=6982H252?82H2, . , , N 8 C 25:A6B46A2D2?36?52252=29 C w a F Contoh

5.3 Tugas Anda 5.1

Dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, mungkin Anda pernah mendengar kalimat: “berat badan Indro adalah 60 kg”. Bukankah satuan berat adalah newton? Apakah timbangan merupakan alat pengukuran berat atau massa? Bersama kelompok belajar Anda, diskusikan hal tersebut.

5. Gaya Gesekan

.?DE632?DE?526292:?C6AD6?D2?882H286C62? ?5252A2D6=2E2?131 00 36B:EDE?DE6?822D: 82H286C62?2?D2B232=52?6;2 , 8 C 25:36B2D36?52252=29 Aktivitas Fisika 5.3 2H286C62?D6B;25:A2525E2A6BE22?36?52H2?8C2=:?836BC6?DE9 2?52?D6B52A2D86B2B6=2D:72?D2B265E2?H2 2H286C62?D6BC63ED 6?892C:=2?82H2E?DE6?89232D=2;E36?52 2H286C62?2?D2B2 Gaya Gesekan Tujuan Percobaan Mengamati gaya gesekan yang terjadi antara dua benda. Alat-Alat Percobaan 1. Meja 2. Balok kayu 3. Neraca pegas Langkah-Langkah Percobaan 1. Susunlah alat percobaan seperti pada gambar. 2. Ketika balok sedang diam, tarik neraca pegas, kemudian amati gaya yang ditunjukkan neraca pegas. 3. Catat gaya yang ditunjukkan neraca pegas sesaat balok akan bergerak. 4. Tarik neraca pegas sehingga balok bergerak dengan kecepatan konstan. 5. Catat gaya yang ditunjukkan neraca pegas pada saat balok bergerak dengan kecepatan konstan. 6. Bandingkan nilai gaya yang ditunjukkan neraca pegas saat balok akan bergerak dan saat balok bergerak dengan kecepatan konstan? 7. Gaya apakah yang ditunjukkan neraca pegas? balok neraca pegas Di unduh dari : Bukupaket.com 89 Dinamika Gerak T r T 5E236?52H2?836BC6?DE92?32?H25:;EA2:52=269:5EA2?C692B:92B: 2523636B2A22CEC82H286C62?36BC:72D6BE8:2?C652?82?A252 2CECH2?8=2:?82H286C62?36BC:72D6?8E?DE?82? ,6B2?8C:CG26 ?6?52?8C63E293=25:2D2C=2A2?82?36BEAEDD6B;25:82H286C62?2?D2B2 A6BE22?3=256?82?92A2B2?BEAEDC69:?8823=222?36B96?D: A252;2B2H2?8D:52D6B=2=E;2E9 2H286C62?6?89232D=2;E3=2 2524?D9=2:?82H286C62?D:3E=2?D2B232?6?52B22?H2?8 C652?836B86B256?82?;2=2?H2?85:=2=E:?H2C69:?882D:52C=:A 2H2 86C62? E52B2 56?82? C6B2?8 A6?6B;E? A2HE?8 D6B;25: C6A2?;2?8 86B22??H2 3EC2?E52B2H2?86?H6?DE93:52?8A2HE?86BEA22? 82H2A6?89232DD6B9252A=2;EA6?6B;E?C69:?882A6?6B;E?C6=22DC22D D:325:D2?29 252A6B:CD:G2:?:82H286C62?C2?82D36B2?722DD6B9252A 6C6=22D2?A6?6B;E?A2HE?8

6. Gaya Sentripetal F

sp -6=29?526D29E:329G2646A2D2?252=2936C2B2?F6DBH2?8 6:=::36C2B52?2B29 :22B2952?6=2;E2?36BE329F6DB646A2D2? 22? 36BE329 ;E82 6BE3292? F6DB 646A2D2? 22? 6?:3E=2? A6B46A2D2? 6?EBEDEE6GD?82H26BEA22?A6B2=:2?2?D2B2 2CC236?5256?82?A6B46A2D2?H2?85::=::36?52D6BC63ED :282H2 C6?DB:A6D2=H2?8366B;2A25236?5236B86B26=:?82B36B2DEB2?252=29 A6B46A2D2?C6?DB:A6D2=H2?85::=::36?5236B2CC2252=29 22 82H2C6?DB:A6D2=5:BEEC2?C63282:36B:ED Gambar 5.6 Gerak turun penerjun payung semakin lambat ketika semakin dekat dengan tanah. Sumber: Physics for You, 2001 + 2 2 2H2C6?DB:A6D2=2B29?H2C6=2=E6?E;E6D:D:AEC2D=:?82B2?52? D682=EBEC56?82?F6DB646A2D2??H2 .?DE6?86D29E:252?H282H2 C6?DB:A6D2=A25286B26=:?82B36B2DEB2?=2E2?68:2D2?36B:ED Aktivitas Fisika 5.4 Gaya Sentripetal Tujuan Percobaan Mengetahui arah gaya sentripetal Alat-Alat Percobaan Tali dan bola pingpong Langkah-Langkah Percobaan 1. Ikatkan ujung tali pada bola pingpong. 2. Putar bola tersebut di atas kepala dengan posisi mendatar. 3. Apa yang Anda rasakan terhadap gaya tegangan tali? 4. Putarlah tali lebih cepat lagi. Adakah pengaruh kelajuan bola dengan gaya tegangan tali? 5. Apa kesimpulan Anda dari percobaan ini? 6B92D:2? + :2 82H2 36B2D 3=2 5:232:2? 8232B D6BC63ED6A6B=:92D2?82H282H2H2?8366B;2A2523=2H2?85::2D 56?82?D2=:52?5:AED2B56?82?D2?82?C63282:D:D:AEC2D?H2 2A2D 5:2D22?329G23=2D6BC63ED36B86B26=:?82B 2H2D682?82?D2=: 6BEA22? 82H2 H2?8 6?H63232? 36?52 D6BC63ED 36B86B2 6=:?82B Gambar 5.7 Gaya sentripetal menuju pusat lingkaran. N Di unduh dari : Bukupaket.com 90 Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas X ,63E293=236C:36B2CC285::2D56?82?C6ED2CD2=:H2?8A2?;2?8?H24 6E5:2?5:AED2B636?DE=:?D2C2?6=:?82B56?82?6=2;E2? C -6?DE2? 82H2C6?DB:A6D2=3=236C:D6BC63ED 4 :6D29E: 88 4 + C R = 80 c m m = 50 g Contoh 5.4 C 0 + , 652A2D5:DE=:CC63282:36B:ED + 6B=E ?52 A6B92D:2? 329G2 82H2 C6?DB:A6D2= 6BEA22? CE2DE :CD:=29E?DEB6CE=D2?82H2H2?82B29?H26?E;EAEC2D 2H2C6?DB:A6D2=;E8252A2D?52D6E:A25286B26=:?82B36?52 36?52=2?8:DD6B9252A36?52=2?8:D=2:??H2 ,63282:4?D93E=2?H2?8 C6=2=E6?86=:=:?8:E: 6?82A2 E=2? C6=2=E 6?86=:=:?8: E: 2H2 2A229 H2?8 36BD:?52C63282:82H2C6?DB:A6D2=2B:EE6GD?5:6D29E:329G2 2?D2B25E23E2936?52H2?86:=::2CC252?5:A:C292?=69;2B2 D6BD6?DE 366B;2 C63E29 82H2 D2B:6?2B: H2?8 36C2B?H2 C632?5:?8 56?82? 2CC2 36?5236?52 D6BC63ED 52? 36B32?5:?8 D6B32=: 56?82? E25B2D;2B2A:C292?D2B236?5236?52D6BC63ED 2H2:?:5:C63EDC63282: 82H28B2F:D2C: 2H2:?:=29H2?86?H63232?E=2?36B86B26?86=:=:?8: E: 25: H2?8 36BA6B2? C63282: 82H2 C6?DB:A6D2= A252 86B2 E=2? 6?86=:=:?8:E:252=2982H28B2F:D2C:2?D2B2E=2?52?E: N ?52D6=296?86D29E:329G286B23E=2?5:A6?82BE9:82H2D2B:E: :DE?8=29 36C2B82H2D2B:E:D6B9252A3E=2?D6BC63ED .?DE6?86B;22?DE82C:?:?52 A6B=E6?86D29E:36C2B2?36C2B2?E:52?3E=2?H2?85:3EDE92?52=2 A6B9:DE?82?D6BC63ED Mari Mencari Tahu 2H2C6?DB:A6D2=5:A6B=6956?82?6?88E?2 2?A6BC222? CA + 2 CA 2 4 ms 0,1kg 2 N 0,8 m 25:82H2C6?DB:A6D2=3=236C:252=29 Sebuah benda bermassa 200 gram diikat dengan tali ringan. Kemudian, diputar secara horizontal dengan kecepatan sudut tetap 5 rads. Panjang tali tersebut adalah 60 cm. Berapakah besar gaya sentripetal pada benda tersebut? a. 0,3 N b. 0,6 N c. 3 N d. 6 N e. 30 N UAN , 2001 Pembahasan Diketahui: m = 200 gram = 0,2 kg = 5 rads = 60 cm = 0,6 m F sp = 2 v m R Dalam kasus ini, = R. Dengan demikian, F sp = 2 v m R F sp = 2 m R F sp = 0,2 kg 5 rads 2 0,6 m F sp = 3 N Jadi, gaya sentripetal yang bekerja pada benda adalah 3 N. Jawaban: C Pembahasan Soal Kata Kunci • Hukum I Newton • Hukum II Newton • Hukum III Newton • gaya aksi • gaya reaksi • gaya gesekan • gaya sentripetal 2H2:?:;E8252A2D5:B2C22?=69D2?82??52 2H2D682?82? D2=::?:6BEA22?82H2H2?82B29?H26?E;EAEC2D52?A6?H6323 3=2D6BC63ED36B86B26=:?82B 2=292=:?:H2?836BA6B2?C63282: 82H2C6?DB:A6D2= 252=2982H2D682?82?D2=: Di unduh dari : Bukupaket.com 91 Dinamika Gerak

B. Penerapan Hukum Newton

252328:2?:?:?5222?6A6=2;2B:3636B2A2A6?6B2A2?9EE 6GD?52=269:5EA2?C692B:92B:

1. Gerak Benda pada Bidang Datar

,63E2936?52D6B=6D2A2523:52?852D2B=:4:?C6A6BD:A252 + 6E5:2? 5:36B: 82H2 6?52D2B 9:?882 36?52 36B86B2 =EBEC 56?82?A6B46A2D2? 2H282H2H2?8366B;2A252CE3E.252=29 . , 6?52D:5236B86B2D6B9252ACE3E.22 . , N , 2H2H2?8366B;2A252CE3E- - Tes Kompetensi Subbab A , +22 1 , :DE?882H2H2?85:3EDE92?C63E293:=H2?82CC2 ?H2 8E?DE6?42A2:646A2D2? C52=2 G2DEC ,63E2982H2366B;2A25236?5236B2CC2 52? A6B46A2D2?H2?85:D:3E=2? C 2H2H2?8C22 366B;2A25236?52=2:?36B2CC2 A6B46A2D2?H2?8 5:D:3E=2? C 2 6B2A229?:=2:B2C: 1 2 3 :2 52? 5:823E?836B2A2A6B46A2D2?H2?8 5:92C:=2?=6982H2 ,63E293EC2CC2?H2 836B86B256?82?6 46A2D2? ;2 3:=5:B652?36B96?D:C6D6=29 6?6AE9;2B2 -6?DE2?82H2B6H2?8 366B;2A2523:=D6BC63ED ?52C652?836B2525:52=2C63E29A6C2G2DD6B32?8 A2526D:?88:2? 2: 6B2A2A6B C6?29A6BE3292?36B2D3252??52 ,6AD?832DE32D2H2?82CC2?H2 8D6B=6D25:2 5:2D2CD2?29 6E5:2?32DED6BC63ED5:D2B:62D2C 56?82?82H2C6=22 C=2=E5:=6A2C2? :2 C D6?DE2? D:?88: 2C:E H2?8 5:42A2:?H2 ,63E293=236B2CC2 8B25::2DA252E;E?8 C6ED2CD2=:H2?8A2?;2?8?H24 =236BAED2B52 =2=:?82B2?9B:I?D2=56?82?6=2;E2?D6D2A C :DE?8D682?82?D2=: ,63E29A:B:?82?56?82?;2B:;2B:45:AED2B56?82? 646A2D2?CE5ED B25 C -6?DE2?A6B46A2D2?52? 82H2C6?DB:A6D2=C63E29D:D:36B2CC2 8H2?836B252 5:A:?88:BA:B:?82?D6BC63ED ,63E29 3=2 36B2CC2 8 5:AED2B 6?8:D2B: =:?82B2?F6BD:2=H2?8B25:EC?H256?82?=2;E C :DE?8D682?82?2C:E52?D682?82?:?: E D2=: H2?8 6?89E3E?82? 3=2 6 AEC2D =:?82B2?;:2 C ,63E296?52B22?6?:E?85:=:?D2C2?;2=2?6? 52D2B2C2B56?82?;2B:;2B:6=6?8E?82?2CC2 6?52B22? 52? A6?EA2?8 8 -6?DE2? 646A2D2?2C:E282B6?52B2?D:52C=:A;:282H2 86C62?2?D2B232?52?;2=2? ,63E293:=6=6G2D:;2=2?463E?8 :6D29E: B25:EC 2CC23:=36C6BD2A6?EA2?8?H2 8 2H2D62?3:=D6B9252A;2=2? :2 A6B46A2D2?8B2F:D2C: C D6?DE2?=2;E3:=A252 C22D65E5E2?D6BD:?88: Gambar 5.8 Gaya-gaya yang bekerja pada balok. N F w Di unduh dari : Bukupaket.com 92 Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas X N 6D6B2?82? A6B46A2D2? C 82H2 2CC28 2523:52?852D2B=:4:?D:5225282H286C62?H2?8366B;22?D2B236?5256?82? 3:52?8 ,63E2936?5236B2CC28D6B=6D2A2526;26?52D2B=:4:? 6?52:DE 5:36B:82H26?52D2BC636C2B 6B2A2A6B46A2D2?36?52:DE 4 :6D29E: 8 8 C 25:A6B46A2D2?36?52 C N w F = 10 N ,63E293:=36B2CC2 836B86B256?82?646A2D2? ;2 6B2A229 82H2H2?85:A6B=E2?E?DE6?86B6282B3:=36B96?D:A252;2B2 4 :6D29E: 8 + ;2 C 3:=36B96?D:36B2BD:+ + N+ N C N C N C 6?82? 6?88E?22?EE6GD?5:A6B=69 8N C N N7 25:282B3:=36B96?D:A252;2B2 92BEC5:6B;22?82H2C636C2BO H2?82B29?H236B=2G2?2?56?82?2B2986B236?52

2. Gerak pada Bidang Miring

,63E2936?526:=::82H236B2D , D6B=6D2 A252 3:52?8 :B:?8=:4:?636?DECE5ED6:B:?82? D6B9252A82B:C9B:I?D2= 2H2H2?8366B;2A25236?52252=2982H2?B2= B2982H2?B2= D682=EBECD6B9252A3:52?8C6?DE9C6A6BD:A252 + ,E3E-C6;2;2B3:52?8:B:?852?CE3E.D682=EBEC3:52?8:B:?8 A?6?82H236B2DA252 CE3E-, - C:? CE3E., . 4C Gambar 5.9 Gaya-gaya yang bekerja pada benda yang diletakkan pada bidang miring mg N mg cos mg sin licin Sebuah balok bermassa 2 kg terletak di atas bidang datar licin. Pada balok tersebut dikenakan gaya tarik dengan arah 60° terhadap arah mendatar. Hitunglah percepatan balok tersebut. Tantangan untuk Anda Contoh 5.5 Contoh 5.6 Di unduh dari : Bukupaket.com 93 Dinamika Gerak N v mg cos mg sin mg ,6AD?832=H2?82CC2?H2 85:=E?4EB2?,EC2?DA2523:52?8:B:?8=:4:?D2?A2 646A2D2?2G2= ,E5ED6:B:?82?3:52?8D6B9252A9B:I?D2=J :2 C 36B2A229 2 82H2?B2=A25232= 3 646A2D2?32=C6D6=296=E?4EBC6=22C 4 :6D29E: 8 J C 2 A?6?82H236B2DA252CE3E. , . ,4C 4CJ 8 C 6?52D:5236B86B262B29CE3E.C69:?882 - , H 25:82H2?B2=?H2252=2910 3 3 A?6?82H236B2DA252CE3E- , - ,C:? C:?J 8 C 6?5236B86B2C6A2?;2?8CE3E-3:52?8:B:?8C69:?882 - , - 4C N +6CE=D2?82H282H2A252CE3E-252=29 - C:? C:? 6D6B2?82? 82H2?B2= 2CC236?528 CE5ED6:B:?82? A6B46A2D2?8B2F:D2C: C N 2H282H2H2?8366B;2A252CE3E.252=29 . N, . 4C 6?52D:5236B86B2D6B9252ACE3E.22 y F Contoh 5.7 Perhatikan perubahan pada Contoh 5.7. Jika sudut diubah menjadi 60°, berapakah gaya normal pada balok tersebut dan berapakah kecepatan balok setelah meluncur selama 3 sekon? Buatlah kesimpulan tentang perubahan sudut terhadap gaya normal dan kecepatan benda. Tantangan untuk Anda Di unduh dari : Bukupaket.com 94 Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas X

3. Gerak Benda-Benda yang Dihubungkan dengan Tali

6B92D:2? + E232=D6B=6D25:2D2C3:52?852D2B =:4:? 65E232=D6BC63ED5:9E3E?82?56?82?C6ED2CD2=:H2?82CC2?H2 5:232:2? ,22D82H25:6B;22?22D2=:6:=::D682?82?C636C2B H2?8366B;2A25232= +6CE=D2?82H2A25232=A252CE3E-252=29 - N +6CE=D2?82H2A25232=A252CE3E-252=29 - N 0 + , 6 5:CE3CD:DEC:2? 6 52=2 0 + , 6 C69:?8825:A6B=69 N 6D6B2?82? A6B46A2D2?36?52 C 82H2D2B: 2CC236?528 2CC236?528 C 2=36B86B2D2?A2646A2D2?2G2=H2:DE+ 646A2D2?A252C252=29 + + C C C 646A2D2?32=C6D6=29C252=29 C E236?5252?2C:?82C:?82CC2?H2852?85:2D2C3:52?852D2B=:4:? 52?5:9E3E?82?56?82?D2=:C6A6BD:A2528232B :232=5:D2B:=6982H2 D6?DE2? 2 A6B46A2D2?36?52 3 D682?82?D2=: 4 :6D29E: 8 8 A B T F T Gambar 5.10 Gaya F menarik balok A dan balok B. B A T T F licin Perhatikan gambar berikut. Berapakah massa tabung B? Tantangan untuk Anda Contoh 5.8 C D 12 kg 15 kg 20 kg tegangan tali A B tegangan tali Di unduh dari : Bukupaket.com 95 Dinamika Gerak

4. Gerak Benda yang Dihubungkan dengan Tali Melalui Katrol

E236?5236B2CC2 52? 5:9E3E?82?=69C6ED2CD2=:6=2=E: C63E292DB=C6A6BD:A252 + 2H286C62?2DB=5:232:2? ?882A 22 22? 36B86B2 6 32G29 C62B29 56?82? A6B46A2D2?8B2F:D2C:C652?82? 36B86B262D2C36B=2G2?2?2B29 56?82? A6B46A2D2? 8B2F:D2C: C69:?882 36B?:=2: ?682D:7 65E2 36?52 6:=::A6B46A2D2?52?D682?82?D2=:H2?8C22 -:?;2E2?A25236?5236B2CC2 N N N -:?;2E2?A25236?5236B2CC2 N N =692B6?2D:5225282H286C62?A2522DB=C6E2D682?82?D2=: C2236C2B 2B:0 + , 6 52?0 + , 6 5:A6B=69 N N 6B92D:2? + 6?5236B2CC2 D6B=6D25:2D2C3:52?8 52D2BC652?82?36?5236B2CC2 D6B82?DE?83632CA252C6ED2CD2=: 2H286C62?A2522DB=52?2CC2D2=:5:232:2? D:?;2E2?A25236?5236B2CC2 2 88 C 25:A6B46A2D2?36?52 C 3 8 C 25:D682?82?D2=: N Gambar 5.11 Dua buah benda dihubungkan dengan tali melalui sebuah katrol. Gambar 5.12 Dua benda dihubungkan dengan tali melalui katrol dan m 1 terletak pada bidang datar. m 2 m 1 N T T T T w 1 = m 1 g w 2 = m 2 g licin T T a T T a m 1 g m 2 g licin Di unduh dari : Bukupaket.com 96 Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas X -:?;2E2?A25236?5236B2CC2 2B:0 + , 6 52?0 + , 6 5:A6B=69 N E236?5252?2C:?82C:?82CC2?H2852? 85:9E3E?82?56?82?D2=: 6=2=E:C63E292DB==:4:? 6B2A2A6B46A2D2?52?D682?82?D2=:;:265E236?52 5:=6A2C2? C 4 6D:265E236?525:=6A2C2?36B86B2632G2952?36B86B262D2C2B6?2 65E236?526:=::A6B46A2D2?C22 2 8 8N 8 8 8 C C 25:A6B46A2D2?65E236?52 C 3 8 C N8 C 8 C 25:D682?82?D2=:65E236?52 2B:CECE?2?36?5236?52A2528232BD6?DE2?A6B46A2D2?36?5252?D682?82? C6D:2AD2=:;:2 8 852? 852?3:52?8=:4:? C 4 :236?525:=6A2C2?36?5236B86B2 632G29 52?36B86B262?2?56?82? A6B46A2D2?H2?8C22 2 N Perhatikan gambar berikut. Hitunglah percepatan benda A dan tegangan tali. 20 kg katrol licin 5 kg 30° licin A B C T 1 T 2 T 3 A B A B T T w A w B Tantangan untuk Anda Contoh 5.10 Contoh 5.9 Di unduh dari : Bukupaket.com 97 Dinamika Gerak 252B2?82:2?C6A6BD:8232B36B:ED2CC236?5252?2C:?82C:?8852? 8 2CC22DB=52?D2=:5:232:2? C -6?DE2?A6B46A2D2?36?5252? D682?82?D2=: 4 :6D29E: 8 8 C 8 8 8 C C 25:A6B46A2D2?C6E236?52C22H2:DE C 3 -:?;2E2?A25236?52 8 C 25:D682?82?D2=: 4 -:?;2E2?A25236?52 8 C N 8 C 25:D682?82?D2=: Gambar 5.13 Dua benda dihubungkan dengan tali melalui dua katrol.

5. Gerak Benda Dihubungkan Tali Melalui Dua Katrol yang Salah Satunya Dapat Bergerak

252 B2?82:2? 36?52 52? 36?52 C6A6BD: + A6B46A2D2? 36?52 A252 2DB= 36B86B2 3632C 252=29 C6D6?829 52B: N N Contoh 5.11 m B g B A m A g N T T T licin A6B46A2D2? 36?52 A252 2DB= D6D2A C69:?882 6BC222? A6BC222?H2?836B=2EA252B2?82:2?D6BC63ED252=29C63282:36B:ED -:?;2E2?A25236?52 -:?;2E2?A25236?52 , N N N Di unduh dari : Bukupaket.com 98 Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas X 8 C -:?;2E2?A25236?52 8 -:?;2E2?A25236?52 N 8 C N 8 C N 0 + ,52?0 + ,5:CE3CD:DEC:2?C69:?8825:A6B=69 8 8 C N 8 8 C N8 8 8 C C 2B:0 + ,5:A6B=69 8 C 25:A6B46A2D2?36?52252=29 C 52?D682?82?D2=:252=29

6. Gaya Tekan pada Alas Lift

6B92D:2? + ,63E2932=36B2CC2D6B=6D25:52=2 =:7DH2?8C652?836B86B2 6?EBEDEE6GD?82H2D62?32= A2522=2C=:7D,C2256?82?82H2?B2=36?52 2 1 , + =:7D36B86B2F6BD:2=62D2C56?82? 646A2D2?D6D2A22B6CE=D2?82H2H2?8366B;2A25236?52252=29?= , 22,, 3 1 , + =:7D36B86B2F6BD:2=62D2C56?82? A6B46A2D2?D6D2A22B6CE=D2?82H2H2?8366B;2A25236?52252=29 22,, 4 1 , + =:7D36B86B2F6BD:2=62D2C56?82? A6B=232D2?N22B6CE=D2?82H2H2?8366B;2A25236?52252=29 N N A B T T T m A = 3 kg m B = 4 kg m A g m B g Gambar 5.14 Sebuah balok bermassa m terletak di dalam lift yang sedang bergerak. a c d mg = w N mg = w N a v mg = w a N w v w w v b mg = w N a w Di unduh dari : Bukupaket.com 99 Dinamika Gerak H2?82CC2?H2836B5:B:5:52=2C63E29=:7DH2?8C652?836B86B262D2C 56?82?A6B46A2D2? C :2A6B46A2D2?8B2F:D2C:E: C 36B2A229 82H2D62?2:A252=2?D2:=:7D 4 6?82?6?88E?22?0 + , 6 5:A6B=69 8 C C 25:82H2D62?A252=2?D2:=:7D252=29 Tes Kompetensi Subbab B , +22 1 , ,63E29D236B2CC28D6B=6D25:A6BE22? =2?D2:=:4:? :2D2D6BC63ED5:D2B:56?82?82H2 C636C2B36B2A229646A2D2?D2D6BC63ED ,63E2936?525:=E?4EB2?=69A2523:52?8 :B:?8=:4:? :22CC236?52D6BC63ED852?CE5ED 6:B:?82?3:52?8D6B9252A9B:I?D2=J9:DE?8=29 646A2D2?36?52C6D6=2936B86B2 C 6B92D:2?8232B36B:ED m 1 m 2 :2A6B32?5:?82?2?D2B2 52? 252=29 9:DE?8=29A6B46A2D2?86B2A2522DB=D6BC63ED C E23E2936?525:CECE?C656::2?BEA2C69:?882 D2A2C6A6BD:A2528232B36B:ED :22CC2852?2CC2 89:DE?8=29 D682?82?D2=:52?A6B46A2D2?36?526D:236?52 6=E?4EB ,:DBECC652?836B5:B:5:52=2=:7DH2?8C652?836B 86B2632G2956?82?A6B46A2D2? C 6B2A229 82H2D62?2:,:DBECA252=2?D2:=:7D N N A B Contoh 5.12 22, , 5 1 , + =:7D36B86B2F6BD:2=632G2956?82? A6B46A2D2?D6D2AB6CE=D2?82H2H2?8366B;2A25236?52252=29 22, , Kata Kunci • bidang datar • bidang miring • gaya normal • gaya berat • tegangan tali • katrol Di unduh dari : Bukupaket.com 100 Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas X 66?82BE9: 6A6=2;2B: , + H2?8366B;2A252CE2DE36?5236C2B?H236B 32?5:?8=EBEC56?82?82H252?36B32?5:?8D6B 32=:56?82?2CC236?52 :BEEC2?56?82? EE6GD?6?H2D22?329G2;:2 36?52A6BD226?86B;22?82H2A25236?52 65E236?5265E222?6?86B;22?82H2 A252 36?52 A6BD22 H2?8 36C2B?H2 C22 D6D2A: 2B29?H2 36B=2G2?2? :BEEC2? 56?82? 2C: B62C: 2H266?82BE9:86B236?52 ,2DE2?82H252=2,252=29?6GD? ,2DE ?6GD? 5:567:?:C:2? C63282: 82H2 H2?8636B:2?A6B46A2D2? C A252 CE2DE36?52H2?82CC2?H28 EE6GD?6?H2D22?329G2;:2 B6CE=D2?82H282H2H2?8366B;2A25236?52 C2256?82??=36?52D6BC63ED22?D6D2A 5:2 2D2E 36B86B2 =EBEC 36B2DEB2? :BEEC2?56?82? EE 6GD? 6?H2D22? 329G2 A6B46A2D2? H2?8 5:D:3E=2? =69 82H2 D:3E=2B6?2 EE 6GD? 6?H2D22? EE 6GD? EE 6GD? 6?H2D22? 6?H2D22? :2 36?5222? K 5:2+2D2E K 36B86B2=EBEC36B2DEB2? Peta Konsep Rangkuman 2H2 9E3E?82??H2 6B2 Setelah mempelajari bab ini, tentu Anda mem- peroleh manfaat, di antaranya Anda mengetahui bagai- mana hubungan antara massa m, gaya F, dan percepatan a. Dapatkah Anda menyebutkan manfaat Refleksi lain Anda mempelajari bab ini? Dalam mempelajari bab ini, apakah ada materi yang Anda anggap sulit untuk dipahami? Jika ada, diskusikan dengan teman atau tanyakan kepada guru. 2C: N B62C: Di unduh dari : Bukupaket.com 101 Dinamika Gerak 0 0 12 4 ,5 ,. ,1. 1 , , . 22 1 , :236?5292?H25:A6?82BE9:=69C63E2982H236?52 22?36B86B256?82? 2 646A2D2??CD2?C62B2956?82?2B2982H2 3 646A2D2??CD2?36B=2G2?2?2B2956?82?2B29 82H2 4 A6B46A2D2??CD2?36B=2G2?2?2B2956?82?2B29 82H2 5 A6B46A2D2??CD2?C62B2956?82?2B2982H2 6 36?52D6D2A5:2 ,63E2982H26?H63232?A6B46A2D2? C A252 36?52H2?836B2CC28 :282H2:DE366B;2A252 36?52H2?836B2CC2882H2:DE22?636B:2? A6B46A2D2?C636C2B 2 C 5 C 3 C 6 C 4 C .?DE6A6B46A2D36?52H2?82CC2?H2852B: 646A2D2? C6?;25: CC6=22C5:A6B=E2? 82H2C636C2B 2 5 3 6 4 ,63E2936?5236B2CC2 86=E?4EBA2523:52?8 :B:?856?82?646A2D2?D6D2A :2CE5ED6:B:?82? JB6CE=D2?82H2H2?8366B;2A25236?52252=29 2 5 3 6 4 +6CE=D2?82H2A252C63E293:=H2?836B86B2=EBEC 36B2DEB2?5:;2=2?H2?86?52:252=29 2 C2256?82?82H2?B2= 3 C2256?82?82H236B2D3:= 4 C2256?82?2CC236?52 5 C2256?82?36B2D3:=5:EB2?8:82H2?B2= 6 ?= -:8232=52?5:=6D22?C656:2:?BEA2 36B:A:D5:2D2C3:52?852D2BC6A6BD:A2528232B B27:36B:ED6?E?;E2?9E3E?82?A6BA:?5292? D6B9252AG2DE52B:5E236?52H2?82CC2?H2C22 H2?8 5:6B;22? =69 82H2 52? C69:?882 6?892C:=2?A6B46A2D2? 52? 2=5:C6?DE956?82?82H26?52D2BC69:?882 82H2D6BC63ED5:D6BEC2?=69636?5252? C6=2?;ED?H2636?52 2H282H2D6BC63EDH2?8 6BEA22?A2C2?82?2C:B62C:252=29 2 52? 5 52? 3 52? 6 52? 4 52? A B C F 1 F 2 F 3 F 4 2B:8B27:52A2D5:C:AE=2?329G2 2 52? 3 52? 4 52? 5 52? 6 52? B27:A6B46A2D2?C63282:7E?8C:B6CE=D2?82H2A252 CE2DE36?52C6A6BD:A2528232B36B:ED s 1 2 t 2CC236?52D6BC63ED252=29 2 8 5 8 3 8 6 8 4 8 6B52C2B2?EE6GD?52A2D5:C:AE=2? 329G2;:282H2H2?8366B;2A252C63E2936?52 36BD23292CC236?52D6BC63ED 2 36BEB2?852?A6B46A2D2?36BD2329 3 36BD232952?A6B46A2D2?36BEB2?8 4 D6D2A52?A6B46A2D2?36BEB2?8 5 D6D2A52?A6B46A2D2?36BD2329 6 36BD232952?646A2D2?36BEB2?8 ,63E29D236B2525:2D2C3:= H2?8C652?836B86B2A6B92D: 2?8232B ,642B2D:32D:323:= 5:B6C69:?882 2 D222?D6D2A 5:2 3 D222?36B86B2 6C2A:?8 4 D222?36B86B26C2A:?82?2? 5 D236B86B26C2A:?8:B: 6 D236B86B2656A2? 2 6 5 10 ams 2 FN F Tes Kompetensi Bab 5 Di unduh dari : Bukupaket.com 102 Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas X ,63E2936?52D6B=6D2A2523:52?8:B:?8 2H2?B 2=A25236?52:DE252=29 2 C2256?82?36B2D36?52 3 =63:936C2B52B:A25236B2D36?52 4 =63:964:=52B:A25236B2D36?52 5 C2256?82?2CC236?52 6 C222D2E=63:964:=52B:A25236B2D36?52 6?52H2?82CC2?H25:D6A2D2?5:2D2C3:52?8 :B:?8H2?8=:4:?56?82?CE5ED6:B:?82? D6B9252A 3:52?8 9B:I?D2= :2 A6B46A2D2? 8B2F:D2C: A6B46A2D2?H2?8D6B;25:A25236?52D6BC63ED252=29 2 C:? 5 C:? 3 C:? 6 4C 4 C:? ,63E2936?5236B2CC236B252A2523:52?8:B:?8 H2?8=:4:?56?82?CE5ED6:B:?82?JD6B9252A9B: I?D2= :2A6B46A2D2?8B2F:D2C:A6B46A2D2?36?52 252=29 2 5 8 3 8 6 8 4 8 6B92D:2?CECE?2?36?5236?5236B:ED ,63E293=236C:5:82?DE?82?A252=2?8:D=2?8:DC6A6BD: A2528232B36B:ED 6C2B?H2A6B46A2D2?52?D682?82?D2=:36BDEBED DEBED 2 C 52? 5 C 52? 3 C 52? 6 C 52? 4 C 52? ,E2DE36?5236B2CC28D6B=6D2A2523:52?8:B:?8 56?82?6:B:?82?JD6B9252A9B:I?D2= 2H2?B 2=H2?8366B;2A25236?52252=29 2 5 3 6 4 ,63E2936?5236B2CC28D6B=6D2A2523:52?852D2B 5:D2B:56?82?82H2 F6BD:2=62D2C 2H2?B2= H2?8366B;2A25236?52:DE252=29 2 5 3 6 4 9 kg 1 kg 6?H2D22?D682?82?D2=:52?,6?H2D22?36B2D 3632? 2?86BEA22?A2C2?82?82H22C:B62C: 252=29 2 52?, 5 52? 3 52?, 6 52? 4 52? 6B52C2B2?CECE?2?36?5236?52A2528232B6;2 52?2DB=5:2?882A=:4:?C6AEB?2 :236?525:=6A2C2?D682?82?D2=:36C2B?H2 2 5 3 6 4 ?:D236B2CC285:D:32?85:52=2=:7DH2?8 C652?86=E?4EB632G2956?82?A6B46A2D2?D6D2A C :2 C 36B2D?:D25:52=2=:7D 252=29 2 5 3 6 4 2H2?B2=A2522:,:DBECH2?836B2525:52=2 =:7D=63:936C2B52B:A25236B2D?H2 2=:?:D6B;25:;:2=:7D 52=262522? 2 5:2 3 36B86B2632G2956?82?646A2D2?D6D2A 4 36B86B262D2C56?82?A6B46A2D2?D6D2A 5 36B86B2632G2956?82?A6B46A2D2?D6D2A 6 36B86B262D2C56?82?A6B=232D2? A B C T T 2 kg 3 kg 3 kg T 2 T 1 T 3 w w Di unduh dari : Bukupaket.com 103 Dinamika Gerak 4 .1 ,5 ,21, ,1. 1 ,63E2932=36B2CC285:D2B:=6982H26?52D2B 5:2D2C3:52?852D2B=:4:? 6B2A229A6B46A2D2? 32=D6BC63ED ,63E2936?5236B2CC2836B86B256?82?6 46A2D2? C 6B2A22936C2B82H2A6B=2G2?2?H2?8 5:A6B=E2?282B36?52D6BC63EDD6A2D36B96?D:52B: D6A2DC6E=2 ,63E2932=36B2CC286=E?4EBD2?A2646A2D2? 2G2=5:2D2C3:52?8:B:?8H2?8=:4:?C6AEB?2 :2 D2? 6BEA22?CE5ED6:B:?82?3:52?8 52? C D6?DE2? 2 82H2?B2=A25236?52 3 A6B46A2D2?H2?8D:3E=A25236?52 4 ;2B2H2?85:D6AE9C6D6=29C E236?5252?5::2D2?A252E;E?8E;E?8D2=: H2?85:C2?8ED2?A2522DB=C6A6BD:A2528232B 6B92D:2?CECE?2?8232B36B:ED 2CC265E236?522C:?82C:?8 852? 8 C ,E5ED6:B:?82?3:52?8 D6B9252A9B:I?D2=J :23:52?8=:4:?C6AEB?2 D6?DE2? 2 82H2?B2=A25236?52 3 2B2986B265E236?52 4 A6B46A2D2?86B265E236?52 5 D682?82?D2=: 6B92D:2?CECE?2?8232B36B:ED A B 2CC252?2C:?82C:?8852?8 6;2 =:4:?C6AEB?22CC2D2=:52?2DB=5:232:2? :2 C D6?DE2? 2 A6B46A2D2?36?5252? 3 D682?82?D2=:?H2 2CC252?2C:?82C:?8852?8 ,E5ED3:52?8:B:?8D6B9252A9B:I?D2=J52? C -6?DE2? 2 2B2986B236?52 3 A6B46A2D2?36?52 4 D682?82?D2=: E23E293=252?H2?82C:?82C:?82CC2?H2 85::2D56?82?D2=:52?5:82?DE?8A252=2?8:D =2?8:D=:7D :2=:7D36B86B262D2C56?82?A6B46A2D2? C 36B2A2D682?82?C6D:2AD2=: C E236?5252?5::2D2?A252E;E?8E;E?8D2=: H2?85:C2?8ED2?A2522DB=C6A6BD:A2528232B 36B:ED A B 30° :52=2C63E29=:7D5:D6A2D2?D:32?82?3252? ,22D =:7D52=262522?5:26B:6?:32?83252??H2 C69:?8825:52A2D2?36B2D6B: :2 C D6?DE2?A6?E?;E2?D:32?82?;:2 2 =:7D36B86B2F6BD:2=62D2C56?82?A6B46A2D2? D6D2A C 3 =:7D36B86B2F6BD:2=62D2C56?82?A6B=232D2? D6D2A C 4 =:7D36B86B2F6BD:2=632G2956?82?A6B46A2D2? D6D2A C 5 =:7D36B86B2F6BD:2=632G2956?82?A6B =232D2?D6D2A C ,6C6B2?8H2?82CC2?H285:D:32?85:52=2=:7D H2?8C652?836B86B262D2C56?82?A6B46A2D2?D6D2A C :2A6B46A2D2?8B2F:D2C:252=29 C D6?DE2? 36B2DB2?8:DE5:52=2=:7D 2CC236?5252?2C:?8 2C:?8852? 8 2DB= 5:2?882A=:4:?C6AEB?2 :2 A6B46A2D2?8B2F:D2C: C D6?DE2? 2 2B2986B236?52 3 A6B46A2D2?86B236?52 4 D682?82?D2=: A A N T B m A g m B g T T B Di unduh dari : Bukupaket.com 104 Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas X Proyek Semester 1 252C66CD6B:?:?52D6=296A6=2;2B:D6?D2?8?C6A52?AB:?C:A52C2B :?62D:252?5:?2:236?52D:D: .?DE6?:?82D2?A62922?6?86?2: ?C6AD6BC63ED?525:DE82C2?E?DE6=2E2?68:2D2?C66CD6BC642B2 36B6=ANB2?8 2?82968:2D2?H2?892BEC?52=2E2?5:EB2:2? A252ABH6C66CD6B:?: ,63282:DE82C29:B68:2D2?6=A?5292BEC63E2D =2AB2?68:2D2?C66CD6BH2?822?5:AB6C6?D2C:2?5:29:BC66CD6B5:9252A2? 6=A=2:?52?8EBE :C:2?52 ,:CD62D:2A6?E=:C2?=2AB2??H2D6B5:B:2D2C E5E=-E;E2?=2D52?292?BC65EB6B4322?2D2?2=:C:C2D2C6BD2 6C:AE=2?52?,2B2?D6B9252AA6?6=:D:2?H2?8D6=295:=2E2? Gerak Lurus Beraturan dan Gerak Lurus Berubah Beraturan 22 , 1 , 6A6=2;2B:C63E2936?52H2?836B86B2=EBEC36B2DEB2?52?36B86B2=EBEC36BE329 36B2DEB2? 1 , , 2A2?=:?D2C2? 6=6B6?85:26D6B L 4 6?882B:C2?;2?8 , 3E29 -EAE2? 2AEBDE=:C2D2ECA:5= -02- , ,ECE?=292=2D2=2DC6A6BD:A2528232B36B:ED -2?52:52?9:DE?8;2B22?D2B2D:D:2G2=D:D:52?D:D: 6A2C2?6=6B6?852B:D:D:9:?8826?86=:?5:?86D:D:6=2=E:D:D: :DE?8G2DED6AE96=6B6?852B:6D:D:52?52B:D:D:6D:D: 1 1 ,2B2N36B:C2B2?D2B2N 452?;2B2N36B:C2B2?D2B2 N4 ,- , 1 2D2D=29;2B252?G2DED6AE9N52?N A229A252=:?D2C2?N6=6B6?86?82=2:A6BE3292?646A2D2?:2H2 36B2A2 A2296=6B6?86?82=2:A6BE3292?646A2D2?A252=:?D2C2?N:2H2 36B2A2 6?EBEDA6?52A2D?52D6B2CE86B22A2296=6B6?8A252=:?D2C2?N 52?A252=:?D2C2?N A2H2?852A2D?52C:AE=2?52B:A6B4322?:?: A B C Kelereng Papan lintasan Tumpuan Papan lintasan Di unduh dari : Bukupaket.com 105 Tes Kompetensi Fisika Semester 1 0 0 12 4 ,5 ,. ,1. 1 , , . 22 1 , :6?C:82H2252=29 2 01010-1 N 5 01010-1 N 3 0101 0-1 N 6 01010-1 4 01 01 N 0-1 N .C292C6D:2AC2DE2?G2DE6:=::5:6?C:C22 56?82?5:6?C: 2 6?6B8::?6D: 5 6?6B8:AD6?C:2= 3 52H2 6 82H2 4 D62?2? E2F6DB2C:?82C:?8C2DE2?52?C2DE2?C2DE C22=2:?C2=:?8D682=EBEC ,6=:C:965E2F6DB D6BC63ED252=29 2 C2DE2? 5 C2DE2? 3 C2DE2? 6 C2DE2? 4 C2DE2? E2F6DB 52? C2DEC22=2:?636?DECE5ED J +6CE=D2?F6DB636?DECE5EDJD6B9252A F6DB :2F6DB F6DB 252=29 2 5 3 6 4 6D6=:D:2?2=2DEEBA6?882B:C;2?82CB?852? :B6D6BC6BEAC642B236BDEBEDDEBED252=29 2 52? 3 52? 4 5 52? 6 52? 252A6?8EEB2?A2?;2?836?525:A6B=6992C:= A6?8EEB2? 2?H2?H22?82A6?D:?892C:= A6?8EEB2?D6BC63ED252=29 2 5E2 5 =:2 3 D:82 6 6?2 4 6A2D =E:?:EH2?82CC2?H2852?F=E6?H24 6:=::2CC2;6?:C 2 8 4 5 8 4 3 8 4 6 8 4 4 8 4 ,63E293:=36B86B2632B2D56?82?646A2D2? CC6=2256D: 6E5:2?36?5236B86B2 632=:6D:EB56?82?646A2D2? CC6=2256D: 646A2D2?B2D2B2D23:=252=29M 2 C 5 C 3 C 6 C 4 C 2B2H2?85:D6AE936?52C6=22C252=29 2 5 3 6 4 ,6C6B2?86?86?52B2:3:=56?82?A6B46A2D2?D6D2A C ,6D6=2936B;2=2? C3:=:DE6?6AE9;2B2 646A2D2?2G2=3:=:DE252=29 2 C 5 C 3 C 6 C 4 C ,63E293:=52B:62522?5:29:?88236B86B2 56?82?646A2D2? C63EDE92?G2DEC 2B2H2?85:D6AE93:=252=29 2 5 3 6 4 ,63E29 3:= 6:=:: 646A2D2? 2G2= C 6?52A2DA6B=232D2?D6D2A C 3:=D6BC63ED 22?36B96?D:C6D6=296?6AE9;2B2 2 5 3 6 4 ,63E2936?525:D6322?F6BD:2=62D2C56?82? 646A2D2?2G2= C 6D:?88:2?36?52C6D6=29C 52B:A6?6322?252=29 C 2 5 3 6 4 :2?D2B2A6B?H2D22?36B:EDH2?8A2=:?8D6A2DE?DE C63E2936?52;2DE93632C252=29 2 A6B46A2D2?D6D2A646A2D2?D6D2A 3 A6B46A2D2?36BD2329646A2D2?D6D2A 4 A6B46A2D2?D6D2A646A2D2?36BD2329 5 A6B46A2D2?36BD2329646A2D2?36BD2329 6 A6B46A2D2?52?646A2D2?36BEB2?8 6B:ED252=298B27:646A2D2?+D6B9252AG2DE 52B:36?52H2?836B86B2=EBEC Tes Kompetensi Fisika Semester 1 8 4 2 6 8 ts vms Di unduh dari : Bukupaket.com 106 Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas X ,63E2936?5256?82?2CC2?H25:82?DE?856?82? C6ED2CD2=:6E5:2?D2=:5:D2B:62D2C56?82?A6B 46A2D2?D6D2A :2A6B46A2D2?8B2F:D2C:252=29 C D682?82?D2=:252=29 2 5 N 3 6 N 4 N 6B92D:2?8232B36B:ED 252=292DB=H2?8C2?82D=:4:? 2CC236?5252? 2C:?82C:?8852?8 :236?525:=6A2C D682?82?D2=: 52? 2C:?82C:?8252=29 2 52? 5 52? 3 52? 6 52? 4 52? ,6C6B2?856?82?2CC285:D:32?85:52=2=:7D H2?8C652?86=E?4EB632G2956?82?646A2D2? D6D2A C :2 C 36B2DB2?8:DE252=29 2 5 3 6 4 v t 2 1 6?5256?82?2CC2836B86B256?82?6=2;E2? ;2 2H2H2?85:A6B=E2?282B36?52:DE 36B96?D:A252;2B252B:D6A2DC6E=2252=29 2 36B=2G2?2?56?82?86B236?52 3 C62B2956?82?86B236?52 4 36B=2G2?2?56?82?86B236?52 5 C62B2956?82?86B236?52 6 C62B2956?82?86B236?52 ,63E2936?5256?82?2CC28D6B=6D2A2523:52?8 52D2B 6?52 D6BC63ED 5:36B: 82H2 H2?8 636?DECE5EDJD6B9252A3:52?86?52D2B 2H2 ?B2=H2?8366B;2A25236?52:DE252=29 2 5 3 6 4 6B92D:2?8232B36B:ED 232BD6BC63ED6?E?;E2?8B27:646A2D2?D6B 9252AG2DE52B:5E23E2986B236?52H2?82CC2?H2 52? 65E236?526?52A2D82H2H2?8C22 C69:?8826?52A2D2?A6B46A2D2? 52? 2B: 8B27:52A2D5:C:AE=2?329G2 2 52? 3 52? 4 52? 5 52? 6 52? A B T 1 T 2 T 2 K ,6B2?8?6=2H2?6?H636B2?8:CE?82:6?88E?22? A6B29E52HE?8 6B29E52HE?8C6=2=E5:2B292?D682 =EBECD6B9252A2B292BEC2:B56?82?646A2D2? C :2646A2D2?2=:B2?2:B C9:DE?8=29646A2D2? DD2=A6B29E52?2B29?H252=26=:?D2C:CE?82: ,63E2936?525:=6A2C2?D2?A2646A2D2?2G2=52B: A6C2G2DH2?8C652?836B86B256?82?6=2;E2?D6D2A :2D:52252A6?82BE92?8:?;6=2C2?=293282:2?2 36?DE=:?D2C2?36?52D6BC63ED ,63E2936?52H2?82CC2?H2836B86B2C642B2 36B2DEB2?52=2=:?D2C2?6=:?82B56?82?646A2D2? C :2;2B:;2B:=:?82B2?:DE36B2A22982H2 82H2C6?DB:A6D2=?H2 6?82A229B2?8H2?8C652?86?2::A6B2:?2? ?D2?82?D:?8D:52D6BA6?D2=6=E2B=:?D2C2??H2 ,63E2932DE56?82?2CC2 85::2D56?82?D2=:52? 5:AED2BC69:?882=:?D2C2??H236B36?DE=:?82B2? F6BD:2=56?82?;2B:;2B: :2646A2D2?CE5ED 32DEB25 C52? C D6?DE2?=29D682?82?D2=: A252C22D32DE5:D:D:D6BD:?88: 4 .1 ,5 ,21, ,1. 1 Di unduh dari : Bukupaket.com

A. Cahaya B. Pemantulan

Cahaya C. Pembiasan Cahaya D. Alat-Alat Optik Cahaya dan Optika ,5C9181A9=1DB91C941;1;15A18C5A51B41A93181H1 541 254149B5;599741411CC5A981C;1A51141H13181H1 181H1 :D71H17=5=2D1C41411C=5981C21H171414935A=9 D7;9415A18=5=5A81C9;1;131B9?141=?291C1D B5541=?C?A 131B9?141=?2941B5541=?C?A=5AD1;1B52D18 35A=935=2D7H17497D1;1575=D49DCD;=5981C1D9C1B 49 251;17 =?29 1C1D B5541 =?C?A 571 =5981C ;131 B9? 575=D49411C25A25?;25A85C91C1D=5418DD9;541A1119 45711=1 141;131B9?C5A:1495=1CD13181H1B58977141411C =5981C21H17125412541H1725A14149451H1 11C;1841 =57945C969;1B9B961CB961C21H17114135A=9;131B9? ,51935A=935=2D725A41B1A;125CD;H11414D1:59B35A=9 19H1H19CD35A=941C1A4135A=935;D7 11C;18;54D135A=9 99=55ADB;13181H11719=11B961CB961C21H171H1 41411C=55CD;1:1F1215AC1H115AC1H11C5AB52DC 411=21299 58;1A519CD51:1A918212994571219; 107 • menganalisis alat-alat optik secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif; • menerapkan alat-alat optik dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Setelah mempelajari bab ini, Anda harus mampu: menerapkan prinsip kerja alat-alat optik. Hasil yang harus Anda capai: Pengemudi memanfaatkan pemantulan cahaya pada cermin cembung kaca spion. Bab 6 Sumber: Dokumentasi Penerbit Di unduh dari : Bukupaket.com 108 Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas X

A. Cahaya