51
The word had was
found in a sentence “The ordinary Australian soldier
had a great aversion to pomposity and not much taste for officers at all
.” The word tidak suka
was found in the Indonesian translation “Prajurit Australia biasa sama sekali tidak suka terhadap keangkuhan, dan merasa tidak perlu
menghormati para perwira .” In the English sentence, the transitive verb was
“had” while in the Indonesian sentence the transitive verb was tidak suka.
In this context, the word had was a part of idiom a great aversion; it became had a great aversion which meant
“to have a strong feeling of dislike.” The English transitive verb, then, was paraphrased into Indonesian as tidak suka.
It was because the translation was not only looking at the verb, but also the context.
The meaning conveyed was more explicit when the transitive verb was translated as tidak suka and added by adverb of manner sama sekali; rather than
literally translated as mempunyai rasa tidak suka yang kuat which seemed uncommon to say in the TL. It showed that paraphrase strategy was employed to
translate the transitive verb. As stated by Newmark 1988: 90, paraphrase strategy aimed to make an implicit meaning of SL become more explicit in TL.
3. The Use of Transposition Strategy
Transposition or shift is “a translation procedure involving a change in the grammar from SL to TL” Newmark, 1988: 85. In other words, transposition
strategy exists because of the difference of SL and TL grammar rules. This study
52 found that there were six transitive verbs translated with transposition strategy.
Table 4.13 illustrates the use of transposition strategy.
Table 4.13. The Use of Transposition Strategy
SL Verb Context SL
TL Verb Context TL
told In Ende Flores, for
example, informants told
me that, “People did not really
distinguish between Dutch and Australians
– the Allies had come to liberate us
diberitahukan Di Ende Flores, misalnya, saya
diberitahukan bahwa orang tidak
membedakan antara Belanda dan Australia
– pasukan Sekutu telah datang membebaskan
kami
The word told and its translation diberitahukan were taken as the representative of data to be discussed in this section. The verb told was found in
the source text ST “In Ende Flores, for example, informants told me that,
“People did not really distinguish between Dutch and Australians – the Allies had come to liberate us.
” The verb diberitahukan was found in the target text TT “Di Ende Flores, misalnya, saya diberitahukan bahwa orang tidak
membedakan antara Belanda dan Australia – pasukan Sekutu telah datang
membebaskan kami. ”
Those sentences showed the grammar change of the transitive verb form. The verb in SL was in active voice while the verb in TL was in passive voice.
This grammatical change presented the use of transposition, specifically transposition type three. Newmark 1988: 86 states that transposition type three
existed when “literal translation is grammatically possible but may not accord with natural usage in the TL.”
53
Referring to the rule of transposition type three, the transitive verb told
was more natural-in-use when it was translated in the passive form as diberitahukan; rather than memberitahukan
as in “Di Ende Flores, misalnya, informan-informan memberitahukan
saya bahwa….. “ It was because Indonesian people liked to use passive form in order to emphasize the object conveyed.
Unlike in Indonesian, in English a clause “somebody told me that…” was more
common to use than “I was told by somebody that…” Here, transposition was employed to transfer the message in TL as naturally possible.
4. The Use of Naturalization Strategy
