OBJECTIVE AND CONTENTS SAFETY RISK MANAGEMENT — GENERAL .1

9-1

Chapter 9 SMS OPERATION

9.1 OBJECTIVE AND CONTENTS

This chapter describes the requirements associated with the operation of an SMS, using as reference the ICAO SMS framework. The first component of the ICAO SMS framework was dealt with in Chapter 8. This chapter discusses the three remaining components of the framework. The chapter includes the following topics: a Safety risk management — General; b Hazard identification; c Risk assessment and mitigation; d Safety assurance — General; e Safety performance monitoring and measurement; f Protection of sources of safety information; g The management of change; h Continuous improvement of the SMS; i The relationship between safety risk management SRM and safety assurance SA; j Safety promotion — Training and education; and k Safety promotion — Safety communication. 9.2 SAFETY RISK MANAGEMENT — GENERAL 9.2.1 An organizations manages safety by ensuring that, through its safety management process, the safety risks of the consequences of hazards in critical activities related to the provision of services are controlled to a level as low as reasonably practicable ALARP. This is known as safety risk management, a generic term that encompasses two distinct activities: hazard identification and safety risk assessment and mitigation. 9.2.2 Safety risk management builds upon a system design in which appropriate safety risk controls to eliminate or mitigate the consequences of anticipated hazards are embedded in the system. This is true whether the “system” in question is a physical system such as an aircraft, or an organizational system, such as an airline, an aerodrome or an air traffic service provider. In terms of this manual, the latter — organizational system — is the “system” more commonly referred to. An organization is a system consisting of the structures, processes and procedures, as well as the people, equipment and facilities that are necessary to accomplish the system’s mission. 9-2 Safety Management Manual SMM 9.3 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION 9.3.1