72
5 SIMPULAN DAN SARAN
5.1 Simpulan
Inokulasi dua genus FMA berpengaruh nyata dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan kandungan klorofil daun sorgum manis. Kedua genus FMA
tersebut adalah Gigaspora sp. MDL40 dan Glomus sp. MDL38. Sementara itu, dua rizobakteri yaitu Mycobacterium senegalense LR73 dan Bacillus firmus JR80
merupakan mikrob yang berpengaruh nyata dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan kandungan klorofil daun sorgum manis melalui kemampuannya menambat N
2
, melarutkan fosfat dan menghasilkan fitohormon IAA, GA dan sitokinin.
Fungi mikoriza arbuskular FMA baik sendiri maupun interaksinya dengan rizobakteri dan pupuk kimia berpengaruh nyata dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan,
pengambilan hara, kandungan klorofil dan kandungan gula batang sorgum manis. Hal tersebut sangat terkait dengan peningkatan proses fotosintesis, yang dibuktikan
dengan kemampuannya dalam meningkatkan asimilasi karbon, konduktansi stomata dan konsentrasi CO
2
interseluler. Secara keseluruhan pengaruh inokulasi FMA, rizobakteri dan pupuk kimia
serta interaksi antara faktor-faktor tersebut berpengaruh nyata dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan, produktivitas tanaman sorgum manis, peningkatan serapan P dan K,
serta efisiensi penyerapan hara N oleh tanaman sorgum manis. Dengan demikian, pemakaian FMA Gigaspora sp. MDL40 dan Glomus sp. MDL38 dan rizobakteri
Mycobacterium senegalense LR73 dan Bacillus firmus JR80 berpotensi meningkatkan efisiensi penyerapan hara tanaman sorgum manis, sehingga
diharapkan dapat mengurangi biaya produksi budidaya tanaman sorgum manis sebagai sumber bahan baku bioetanol di masa depan.
5.2 Saran
Perlu penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mengetahui kemampuan lain dari FMA dan rizobakteri dalam meningkatkan produksi gula tanaman sorgum manis, serapan
hara dan efisiensi penyerapan hara, seperti kemampuannya dalam melarutkan kalium dan produksi siderophore. Hal tersebut diharapkan dapat mengoptimalkan
kinerja dari FMA dan rizobakteri dalam meningkatkan kandungan gula batang sorgum manis. Disamping itu, perlu dilakukan penelitian pada tingkat molekuler
untuk memastikan pengaruh FMA dan rizobakteri dalam proses fotosintesis, yang merupakan proses yang menentukan bagi pembentukan gula batang tanaman
sorgum manis.
Perlu juga dikaji lebih lanjut pengaruh lingkungan terhadap pembentukan gula batang sorgum manis, agar dapat dirancang pola budidaya tanaman sorgum
manis pada lahan-lahan dengan agroekosistem yang cocok untuk pertumbuhan dan
73 perkembangan tanaman sorgum dengan aplikasi FMA dan rizobakteri yang
potensial.
74
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