Research Setting Subjects of the Research The Research Procedure

1 First Questionnaire This questionnaire was used in the needs analysis process. The data obtained from the questionnaire were analyzed through calculating the percentage of each answer by following the formula: Where: P : Percentage F : frequency N : Total of Respondents 100 : Fixed Number The highest percentage of the answers on each question was considered to develop the listening materials. 2 Second Questionnaire This questionnaire was distributed to the evaluator. It uses Likert-Scale as the measurement. The result of the questionnaire was calculated by using the formula proposed by Suharto 2006: 52-53 Where: R : Range Xh : The Highest Score Xl : The Lowest Score 4 : The Range of Likert-Scale R= Xh - Xl 4 Percentage = fN 100 Then, the result of the data was converted to descriptive analysis in terms of its goodness as proposed by Suharto 2006: 52-53. The indicator to measure the result is the Mean X. The means were calculated by using the formula of data conversion: Table 3.2. Data Conversion Table Suharto, 2006: 52-53 Scales Interval Descriptive Categories 1 1.00 X ≤ 1.74 Poor 2 1.75 X ≤ 2.49 Fair 3 2.50 X ≤ 3.24 Good 4 3.25 X ≤ 4.00 Very Good Mn X = ∑ fx n 56

CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION

This chapter presents the findings of the research. It covers the results of the needs analysis, the course grid, the first draft of the materials, the results of the expert judgment process, and the second draft of the materials.

A. Research Findings 1. The Needs Analysis

The organization of the questionnaire is divided into two parts. The first part consists of questions of the students’ target needs. The second part consists of the questions of the students ’ learning needs. Below are the descriptions of the results of the target needs and the learning needs of 35 eighth-grade students of SMPN 14 Yogyakarta.

a. Target Needs 1 Goals

The term goals refers to the general intentions behind the learning. It is also called as the students’ reason of learning English. The learning goals of students of SMPN 14 Yogyakarta is presented below.