B. Research Setting
This research was conducted on February-March 2015 in the VIII grade students of SMPN 14 Yogyakarta. This school was choosen because it implemented 2013
curriculum.
C. Subjects of the Research
The subjects of this research were grade VIII students of SMPN 14 Yogyakarta because of several reasons. First, they had already adjusted to the learning process
of junior high school unlike the seventh grade students who just graduated from the elementary school. Second, eight grade students do not feel pressured in the
learning process unlike the ninth grade students who had to face the national examination soon. Third, the ninth grade students are not recomended by the school
because they have to prepare for the national examination. The research was planned with small random sampling because it was more feasible and economical.
Moreover, the data taken are more valid if the samples are limited.
D. The Research Procedure
This research was carried out based on the model stated by Jolly and Bolitho on Tomlinson 1998. There were some adaptations made in order to meet the
conditions of the research. Here are the steps used in this research:
Figure 3.1. The Research Prosedure
1. Conducting needs analysis Needs analysis is needed by the researcher to collect some information related to
the students’ needs. It helps the researcher decides the materials which were developed.
2. Developing Course Grid At this stage, the researcher designed the grid of the listening materials. The content
of the curriculum was described as the basis of the material development. Then, the theme of the tasks was decided here.
3. Organizing and Writing the Materials The listening materials were developed based on the grid that the researcher had
created before. The product of this stage is also called as a draft. 4. Expert Judgment
After the first draft was developed, the researcher searched for evaluator to evaluate the materials. It was evaluated based on the appropriateness of the content, the
appropriateness of the language, the appropriateness of the presentation, and the appropriateness of the graphic.
Conducting Need Analysis
Developing Course Grid
Designing Materials first draft
Expert Judgment
Designing Final Draft
5. Writing the Final Draft After the first draft of the materials was revised, the researcher then wrote the final
draft of the listening materials.
E. Data Collection Techniques and Instruments
The data were collected two times using questionnaire. There are two types of questionnaires which were used to obtain the data. The first questionnaire was
distributed to the students for the needs analysis. Below is the organization of the first questionnaire:
Table 3.1. The Organization of the Needs Analysis No.
Aspect Number of
Items Purpose
of the
Questions References
Students personal
identity To find out personal
information about the students
Target needs 1
Goals 1
To find out the reason of learning English
Nunan 2004: 41
2 Necessities
2,3,4 To find out what the
students have to know to function effectively
Hutchinson and
Waters 1987
in I.S.P. Nation
and John
Macaliste 2010:5
3 Lacks
5,6,7 To find out about what
the learner know and does not know already
Hutchinson and
Waters 1987
in I.S.P. Nation
and John
Macaliste 4
Wants 8
To find out about what the learners think they
need Hutchinson
and Waters
1987 in
I.S.P. Nation
and John
Macaliste Learning Needs
5 Input
10,11,12,13 To find out the topic, the length of the text
which is ideal for them Nunan 2004:
47
6 Procedures
14,15 To find out the activities
that the students like the most
Nunan 2004: 52
7 Setting
16 To find out the setting
of doing tasks that the students like most
Nunan 2004: 70
8 Teacher’s Role
17 To find the information
that the teacher should perform
Nunan 2004: 64
9 Learner’s Role
18 To find the information
about the role of the students
Nunan 2004: 64
Then, the second questionnaire was given to the eveluator to evaluate the materials which were developed. It was organized based on the criteria standard of
BSNP . There are some criteria which were evaluated related to the materials. They
include 1 content, 2 language, 3 presentation, and 4 graphic. There are also two types of questions given to the evaluator. First is the close-
ended questions which describe the central tendency of the material expert. The second is the open-ended questions which are addressed to the evaluator to deliver
his opinion and suggestion related to the materials.
F. The Data Analysis Techniques of the Research
The data analysis is needed to be used in this research. The planning of the data analysis consists of what needs to be done with the data obtained and how it is
processed and analyzed.