Objectives of the Study Benefits of the Study

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CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter reviews important studies to support the present research. The aim of this chapter is to give the basic principles of the formulated problems. This chapter consists of three main parts: review of previous studies, theoretical description, and theoretical framework. Review of previous studies gives explanation of previous studies related to the study of speech acts. In addition, theoretical description and theoretical framework discuss the theories that have been employed.

A. Review of Previous Studies

Speech acts always exist in daily language and communication. People are accustomed to imply speech acts in their utterance. Thus, it is easy to conduct speech acts as the research. There are some researchers that already conducted the research about speech acts. The research conducted by Titus Kristiawan in 2015 analyzes speech acts about ill-sequence conversation in Questions Only game based on Searle’s indirect speech act. He focuses on which speech acts are performed by the performers in the conversation and how the question could conform to each other in the context. The researcher uses content analysis in analyzing seven videos of the Question Only game from season six to ten. The references of the study are from books, general knowledge, film, etc. The finding is that the questions in the conversation perform many speech acts from Searle’s typology. Another finding claims the conversation PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 9 is considered as ill-sequences. It clarifies that the adjacency pair is fulfilled in the conversation. The research by Tusita Mania Dewi analyzes Olive Penderghast’s speech acts in Easy A movie for her thesis of English Language Education Study Program. She conducts her research to find out how Olive Penderghast’s speech acts are employed in the conversation in the movie by using the theory from Searle 1999. She also analyzes what speech acts Olive uses before and after the transformation of her character in the movie. The study analyzes spoken dialogue; and the result is the description of explanation. The result finds that there are four speech act categories that Olive uses based on Searle’s theory. There are assertive, commisive, directive, and expressive. There is no declarative category because it is rarely used in daily communication. The most category used is assertive category, 63 of all. The research also finds out powerful speech acts support to build Olive’s new image, from an ordinary student to a bad naughty girl. However, the powerful speech acts appear when certain situation forces her. The study by M. Hashim investigates the role of language in the communication and interpretation of intentions by examining selected political speeches of John Kerry in Presidential Campaign in 2004 and George Bush’s Inaugural address in 2001. The study is to identify the speech act features, to analyze the features in relation to the contexts, and to determine how the identified features project the message in the speeches. The study focused on the locutionary, illocutionary and perlocutionary acts. Twenty sentences were selected from the two speeches. The data were selected of John Kerry from the 2004 Presidential PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI