22 TYS column was chosen because the column is an interactional written
communication which forms stimulus-response model in communication. The column has many texts from the readers in expressing their opinion toward certain
issues. The text consists of one sentence or many sentences. It can be found that one text can have more than one speech act categories. The comments could be
showed in various types and showed the role of speech act categories. The data was collected from September 2015 issues. During September
2015, there were 16 issues provided to build the comments of readers. As the response to the issues, the researcher gained 114 comments to analyze the speech
act categories.
C. Research Instrument and Data Gathering Technique
The researcher gathered the data from the Jakarta Post website. The researcher went to the readers’ forum and chose TYS column. The data were
downloaded. The researcher used word processing program as the first instrument to make the transcript of TYS column after downloading. In the transcript, the
researcher made cross tabulation tables as the second instrument to present the gathered data. Then, the data were classified based on the appropriate speech act
categories from Searle’s theory. After that, the researcher made the checklist in each
classification. To determine the speech act categories, the researcher compared the related theory with the texts. Then, the researcher changed the speech act categories
into verb form to assert, to be committed, to direct, to express. The intention was PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
23 to make the analysis easier so that the best speech act categories could be
determined.
D. Data Analysis Technique
The researcher used descriptive analysis to analyze the data. The researcher described the data using tables to make the readers understand the findings. The
researcher provided the first table according to the classification of the texts in TYS column based on Searle’s speech act categories. It could be seen in Table 3.1. The
researcher provided the tables of speech act classification by theme. Then, the researcher described the tables to answer each research problem. Next, the
researcher determined the characteristics of every theme in TYS column. Table 3.1 Speech act category classification
Notes: : found
- : not found
TA.1 : theme A number 1 ass
: assertive com
: commissive dir
: directive exp
: expressive dec
: declarative
TA Speech act category
No Text
ass com
dir exp
dec 1
TA.1
- -
- -
2 TA.2
- -
-
- 3
TA.3 -
- -
-
4 TA.4
-
- -
- 5
TA.5 -
-
- -
Total 2
1 2
24 In the last, the data was presented in percentage form. It could be seen in
Table 3.2. Through percentage form, the table was to show what the most employed speech act category in TYS column. Therefore, the research problems could be
answered. Table 3.2 The percentage of speech act categories in Text Your Say column
No. The Category
percentage 1.
Assertive 2.
Directive 3.
Commissive 4.
Expressive 5.
Declarative
Next, the researcher used expert validation to make sure the analysis was valid. The researcher also chose an International Relation undergraduate student
who specialized in speech acts and understood the social, politic, and economic issues. The intention was to verify whether the analysis was according to the theory
or not. In the last, the researcher summarized and concluded the data. It was to answer and cover the two research problems.
E. Research Procedure
There were four stages of research procedure in this study. Those were selecting the data, analyzing the data, discussing the findings, and presenting the
findings. Every process had its own result from the beginning until the end of the research. The researcher explained the procedure from gathering the data until
