BAB VI KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN
6.1 Kesimpulan
a. Potensi jernang di Kabupaten Sarolangun terdapat di dua kecamatan yaitu di Kecamatan Air Hitam dan Pauh. Potensi di Kecamatan Air Hitam
Hutan alam sebesar 1,08 kghath dan di Desa Lamban Sigatal HTR sebesar 180 kghath. Total potensi jernang di Kabupaten Sarolangun
sebesar 226,66 tontahun. b. Pemanenan buah rotan jernang dilakukan dengan menggunakan galah dan
alat pengait. Buah rotan jernang yang baik dipanen adalah buah yang tua tetapi belum terlalu masak dengan ciri berwarna cokelat kemerahan.
c. Rendemen jernang hasil masyarakat 7,26 lebih besar dibandingkan cara perebusan 1, 2 dan 3 jam 3,27, 3,24 dan 3,10. Berdasarkan SNI
jernang 2010, pengujian sifat fisiko-kimia jernang hasil cara masyarakat termasuk mutu A sedangkan cara perebusan termasuk mutu super.
6.2 Saran
a. Diperlukan modifikasi alat pemanenan agar buah rotan jernang yang dipanen tidak jatuh ke tanah karena dapat mengurangi produksi jernang
yang akan diperoleh. b. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lanjutan untuk memodifikasi cara perebusan
agar dapat meningkatkan rendemen.
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Anonim. 2006. Peta Jambi. http:www.indonesia-tourism.comjambimap. [25 Desember 2010].
Arifin W. 2007. Konservasi Hutan Dataran Rendah Melalui Budidaya Rotan Jernang. Warta Gita Buana 1:2-4.
[ASTM] American Society for Testing and Material. 1981. Methods of test for moisture content of wood
. Philadelphia: ASTM D2016-74. ASTM Part 22 [BSN] Badan Standardisasi Nasional. 2010. Resin Jernang. Jakarta: Standar
Nasional Indonesia 1671:2010. hlm 1-7. [BSN] Badan Standardisasi Nasional. 2001. Gondorukem. Jakarta: Standar
Nasional Indonesia 01-5009.12:2001. hlm 1-10. Bursa Transmigrasi. 2010. Potensi Calon Lokasi Transmigrasi Lamban Sigatal,
Kabupaten Sarolangun, Provinsi Jambi. Departemen Tenaga Kerja dan Transmigrasi.www.bursatransmigrasi.depnakertrans.go.id...kawasan_deta
il.php. [25 November 2010].
[BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik. 1995. Jambi Dalam angka. Jambi: Badan Pusat Statistik.
[BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik. 2001. Sarolangun Dalam Angka. Kabupaten Sarolangun: Badan Pusat Statistik.
[BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik. 2010. Jambi Dalam Angka. Jambi: Badan Pusat Statistik.
[DISBUNHUT]. 2009. Laporan Tahunan Dinas Perkebunan dan Kehutanan Kabupaten Sarolangun
. Dinas Perkebunan dan Kehutanan, Jambi. Gita Buana. 2008. Peta Usulan Kawasan Kelola Jernang. Sarolangun. Jambi:
Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat. 1 lembar. Gita Buana. 2009. Laporan Kegiatan PRA Lamban Sigatal. Dokumen Yayasan
Gita Buana. Jambi: Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat. Januminro. 2000. Rotan Indonesia: Potensi, Budidaya, Pemanenan, Pengolahan,
Standar Mutu dan Prospek Pengusahaan . Yogyakarta: Kanisius.
Kalima T. 1991. Beberapa Jenis Daemonorops Penghasil Jernang dan Permasalahannya. Sylva Tropika 6 1:15-18.
Kholik A, Sugiharto S, Fauzi DI, Suprianto A, Suprayitno D. 2005. Eksplorasi Biopeptisida dan Getah Jernang. Laporan Tahunan Badan Penelitian dan
Pengembangan Kehutanan Kalimantan . hlm 1-29.
Purwanto Y, Polosakan R, Susiarti S, Walujo E. 2005. Ekstraktivisme Jernang Daemonorops spp dan Kemungkinan Pengembangannya. Laporan Teknik.
Bidang Botani, Pusat Penelitian Biologi-LIPI . Bogor.
Rachman O, Jasni. 2008. ROTAN: Sumberdaya, Sifat dan Pengolahannya. Bogor: Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kehutanan.
Risna RA. 2006. Dragon’s blood Daemonorops draco Tumbuhan Obat Yang Menjanjikan Dari Taman Nasional Bukit Tiga Puluh. Warta Kebun Raya
61:45-49. Siswanto BE, Wahjono D. 1996. Metode Inventarisasi Rotan di Kelompok Hutan
Sungai LimunSungai Tembesi, Kesatuan Pemangkuan Hutan Sarko- Kerinci, Jambi. Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan 600:15-26.
Sumarna Y. 1995. Kemungkinan Budidaya Rotan di bawah Tegakan Tanaman Industri. Di dalam: Seminar Hasil Penelitian HTI. Prosiding Ekspose Hasil-
Hasil Litbang Hasil Hutan. Bogor: 23 Maret 1994. Bogor: Pusat penelitian dan Pengembangan Hutan dan Konservasi Alam. hlm 121-124.
Sumarna Y. 2004. Budidaya Rotan Penghasil Resin Jernang. Bogor: Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kehutanan.
Sumarna Y. 2009. Ekologi dan Teknik Perkecambahan dan Pembibitan Rotan Jernang Pulut Daemonorops draco Willd. Blume. Jurnal Penelitian
Hasil Hutan 6 1:31-39
Suwardi SE, Zulnely, Yusnita E. 2003. Peningkatan Efisiensi dan Teknik Isolasi Jernang. Laporan Hasil Penelitian Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan
Kehutanan . hlm 1-12.
Waluyo TK. 2008. Teknik Ekstraksi Tradisional dan Analisis Sifat-Sifat Jernang Asal Jambi Tradisional Extraction Technique and Analysis Of Properties
Of Jambi Dragon’s Blood . Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan 261: 30-40.
Winarni I, Waluyo TK, Hastoeti P. 2005. Sekilas Tentang Jernang Sebagai Komoditi yang Layak Dikembangkan. Di dalam: Penguatan Industri
Kehutanan Melalui Peningkatan Efisiensi, Mutu dan Diversifikasi Produk Hasil Hutan. Prosiding Ekspose Hasil-Hasil Litbang Hasil Hutan. Bogor, 14
Desember 2004. Bogor: Pusat penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan. hlm 173-177.
LAMPIRAN
Lampiran 1 Dokumen penelitian a b c
d e f
g h i
j k
Keterangan: a : Buah rotan jernang
b : Galah dan alat pengait c : Keranjang buah dan alat
penumbuk d : Cara perebusan
e : Air rebusan dan jernang f : Pengukuran kadar resin
g : Pengukuran kadar kotoran h : Pengukuran titik leleh
i :
Pengukuran kadar
abu j :
Serbuk jernang
k : Pengujian Warna jernang
Lampiran 2 Pengukuran kadar air buah
Perlakuan berat petri
berat buah petri setelah
dioven Berat jernang
KA buah
Masyarakat 24,569 5,716
26,785 2,216 157,94 Perebusan 1 jam
24,569 4,501
26,073 1,504
199,27 Perebusan 2 jam
24,892 4,721
26,464 1,572
200,32 Perebusan 3 jam
22,502 4,422
23,952 1,45
204,97
Lampiran 3 Rendemen buah dengan cara masyarakat dan perebusan
Perlakuan Ulangan Berat
buah g Berat Buah
tanpa biji g Berat
jernang g
Kadar air buah
BKT buah
g Rendemen
BKT
Masyarakat 1 100
5,0 157,94
62,916 7,95 2 110
5,167 69,208
7,47 3 100
4,0 62,916
6,36 Rata-rata 7,26
1 jam 1 400,009 251,647 7,860
199,27 199,736 3,94
2 400,056 251,116 5,753 199,760 2,88
3 400,013 247,142 5,987 199,738 3,0
Rata-rata 3,27 2 jam
1 400,192
253,015 5,692
200,32 198,786 2,86
2 400,011 239,845 6,059 198,696 3,05
3 400,192 246,099 7,591 198,786 3,82
Rata-rata 3,24 3 jam
1 400,043
241,492 6,098
204,97 194,228 3,14
2 400,123 244,901 5,967 194,267 3,07
3 400,147 236,42 5,998 194,279 3,09
Rata-rata 1,505 3,10
Lampiran 4 Pengukuran kadar abu
Perlakuan ulangan Berat jernang
g b. cawan+
abu g bobot petri
akhir g kadar abu
masyarakat 1 1,009 24,911
24,893 1,78 2 1,000 28,322
28,303 1,90 3 1,050 18,605
18,586 1,81 Rata-rata 1,83
1 jam 1 1,002 21,311
21,300 1,10 2 1,036 27,594
27,582 1,16 3 1,010 18,461
18,450 1,09 Rata-rata 1,12
2 jam 1 1,001 17,967
17,951 1,60 2 1,035 17,910
17,899 1,06 3
1,000 19,445 19,426
1,90 Rata-rata 1,52
3 jam 1 0,997 20,959
20,946 1,30 2 1,095 25,726
25,705 1,92 3 1,025 22,487
22,471 1,56 Rata-rata 1,59
Lampiran 5 Pengukuran kadar air
Lampiran 6 Pengukuran titik leleh dan warna
Perlakuan Ulangan Titik leleh Warna
Masyarakat 1 94
merah tua
2 94 merah
tua 3 100
merah tua
Rata-rata 96 1 jam
1 82 merah
tua 2 82
merah tua
3 82 merah
tua Rata-rata 82,000
2 jam 1 84
merah tua
2 80 merah
tua 3 85
merah tua
Rata-rata 83 3 jam
1 80 merah
tua 2 86
merah tua
3 84 merah
tua Rata-rata 83,33
Perlakuan Ulangan Berat petri g
Serbuk jernang g
Jernang stlh dioven g
Berat jernang stlh DIoven
KA Jernang
Masyarakat 1 24,892 1,009 25,871 0,979 3,06
2 28,298
1,000 29,262
0,964 3,73
3 18,610
1,050 19,623
1,013 3,65
Rata-rata 3,48 1 JAM
1 21,317
1,002 22,282
0,965 3,83
2 27,584
1,036 28,582
0,998 3,81
3 18,453
1,010 19,431
0,978 3,27
Rata-rata 3,64 2 JAM
1 18,085
1,001 19,051
0,966 3,62
2 17,947
1,035 18,951
1,004 3,09
3 19,489
1,000 20,457
0,968 3,31
Rata-rata 3,34 3 JAM
1 20,971
0,997 21,931
0,960 3,85
2 25,727
1,095 26,782
1,055 3,79
3 22,502
1,025 23,499
0,997 2,81
Rata-rata 3,48
Lampiran 7 Pengukuran kadar resin
Ulangan B.labu +
Berat B.labu+pemberat
Kadar Pemberat g
Jernang g stlh dioven g
Resin
1 105,0693 1,0002 105,7086 63,92
2 106,9768 1,0002 107,6151 63,82
3 105,0440 1,0001 105,6657 62,16
Rata-rata 63,30
1 105,0479 1,0001 105,8531 80,51
2 106,9601 1,0000 107,7876 82,75
3 105,0556 1,0001 105,8779 82,22
Rata-rata 81,83 1 106,9696 1,0001 107,7796
80,99 2 105,0526 1,0001 105,8619
80,92 3 106,9668 1,0000 107,7841
81,73 Rata-rata 81,21
1 106,9869 1,0002 107,7931 80,60
2 105,0709 1,0000 105,8797 80,88
3 106,9867 1,0000 107,7991 81,24
Rata-rata 80,91
Lampiran 8 Pengukuran kadar kotoran
Ulangan Kertas saring
Jernang yang Kertas saring
Kadar Oven g
Dilarutkan g dan endapan g
Kotoran
1 0,3070 1,0003 0,6430 33,59
2 0,3140 1,0003 0,6270 31,29
3 0,2350 1,0000 0,5510 31,60
Rata-rata 32,16 1 0,3580 1,0000
0,4670 10,90 2 0,2970 1,0001
0,4150 11,80 3 0,3350 1,0000
0,4550 12,00 Rata-rata
11,57 1 0,2510 1,0000
0,3710 12,00 2 0,3100 1,0001
0,4270 11,70 3 0,3570 1,0001
0,4690 11,20 Rata-rata 11,63
1 0,2350 1,0000 0,3590 12,40
2 0,3100 1,0001 0,4270 11,70
3 0,3570 1,0001 0,4770 12,00
Rata-rata 12,03
Lampiran 9 Analisis ragam dan hasil uji Duncan terhadap rendemen
Univariate Analysis of Variance Between-Subjects
Factors
N PERLAKUAN
A 3
B 3
C 3
D 3
ULANGAN 1
4 2
4 3
4 Tests of Between-Subjects Effects
Dependent Variable: Rendemen
Source Type III Sum of
Squares df
Mean Square F
Sig.
Corrected Model 37,428a
5 7,486
21,052 ,001
Intercept 213,616
1 213,616
600,759 ,000
PERLAKUAN 37,038
3 12,346
34,721 ,000
ULANGAN ,390
2 ,195
,548 ,604
Error 2,133
6 ,356
Total 253,178
12 Corrected Total
39,562 11
a R Squared = ,946 Adjusted R Squared = ,901 Post Hoc Tests
PERLAKUAN Homogeneous Subsets
Rendemen Duncan
PERLAKUAN N
Subset 1
2
D 3
3,1000 C
3 3,2433
B 3
3,2733 A
3 7,2600
Sig. ,742
1,000 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. Based on Type III Sum of Squares The
error term is Mean SquareError = ,356. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 3,000.
b Alpha = ,05. ULANGAN
Homogeneous Subsets Rendemen
Duncan
ULANGAN N
Subset 1
3 4
4,0675 2
4 4,1175
1 4
4,4725 Sig.
,388 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. Based on Type III Sum of Squares The
error term is Mean SquareError = ,356. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 4,000.
b Alpha = ,05.
Lampiran 10 Analisis ragam dan hasil uji Duncan terhadap kadar resin
Univariate Analysis of Variance Between-Subjects
Factors
N
Perlakuan A
3 B
3 C
3 D
3 ULANGAN
1 4
2 4
3 4
Tests of Between-Subjects Effects Dependent Variable: Kadar resin
Source Type III
Sum of Squares
df Mean Square
F Sig.
Corrected Model 732,271a
5 146,454
190,626 ,000
Intercept 70800,386
1 70800,386
92154,338 ,000
PERLAKUAN 731,577
3 243,859
317,409 ,000
ULANGAN ,694
2 ,347
,452 ,656
Error 4,610
6 ,768
Total 71537,267
12 Corrected Total
736,881 11
a R Squared = ,994 Adjusted R Squared = ,989 Post Hoc Tests
PERLAKUAN Homogeneous Subsets
Kadar
resin Duncan
PERLAKUAN N
Subset 1
2
A 3
63,3000 D
3 80,9067
C 3
81,2133 B
3 81,8267
Sig. 1,000
,260 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. Based on Type III Sum of Squares The
error term is Mean SquareError = ,768. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 3,000.
b Alpha = ,05. ULANGAN
Homogeneous Subsets Kadar
resin Duncan
ULANGAN N
Subset 1
1 4
76,5050 3
4 76,8375
2 4
77,0925 Sig.
,394 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. Based on Type III Sum of Squares The
error term is Mean SquareError = ,768. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 4,000.
b Alpha = ,05
Lampiran 11 Analisis ragam dan hasil uji Duncan terhadap kadar air
Univariate Analysis of Variance Between-Subjects
Factors
N
Perlakuan A
3 B
3 C
3 D
3 ULANGAN
1 4
2 4
3 4
Tests of Between-Subjects Effects Dependent Variable: kadar air
Source Type III Sum of
Squares df
Mean Square F
Sig.
Corrected Model ,442a
5 ,088
,533 ,747
Intercept 145,771
1 145,771
879,622 ,000
PERLAKUAN ,134
3 ,045
,270 ,845
ULANGAN ,308
2 ,154
,928 ,445
Error ,994
6 ,166
Total 147,207
12 Corrected Total
1,436 11
a R Squared = ,308 Adjusted R Squared = -,269 Post Hoc Tests
PERLAKUAN Homogeneous Subsets
Kadar
air Duncan
PERLAKUAN N
Subset 1
C 3
3,3390 A
3 3,4800
D 3
3,4843 B
3 3,6380
Sig. ,421
Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. Based on Type III Sum of Squares The error term is Mean SquareError = ,166.
a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 3,000. b Alpha = ,05.
ULANGAN Homogeneous Subsets
Kadar
air Duncan
ULANGAN N
Subset 1
3 4
3,2590 1
4 3,5928
2 4
3,6043 Sig.
,290 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. Based on Type III Sum of Squares The
error term is Mean SquareError = ,166. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 4,000.
b Alpha = ,05.
Lampiran 12 Analisis ragam dan hasil uji Duncan terhadap kadar kotoran
Univariate Analysis of Variance Between-Subjects
Factors
N PERLAKUAN
A 3
B 3
C 3
D 3
ULANGAN 1
4 2
4 3
4 Tests of Between-Subjects Effects
Dependent Variable: Kadar kotoran Source
Type III Sum of Squares
Df Mean Square
F Sig.
Corrected Model 939,023a
5 187,805
319,814 ,000
Intercept 3406,396
1 3406,396
5800,781 ,000
PERLAKUAN 938,171
3 312,724
532,540 ,000
ULANGAN ,852
2 ,426
,725 ,522
Error 3,523
6 ,587
Total 4348,942
12 Corrected Total
942,546 11
a R Squared = ,996 Adjusted R Squared = ,993 Post Hoc Tests
PERLAKUAN Homogeneous Subsets
Kadar
kotoran Duncan
PERLAKUAN N
Subset 1
2
B 3
11,5667 C
3 11,6333
D 3
12,0333 A
3 32,1600
Sig. ,497
1,000 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. Based on Type III Sum of Squares The
error term is Mean SquareError = ,587. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 3,000.
b Alpha = ,05. ULANGAN
Homogeneous Subsets Kadar
kotoran Duncan
ULANGAN N
Subset 1
2 4
16,6225 3
4 16,7000
1 4
17,2225 Sig.
,325 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. Based on Type III Sum of Squares The
error term is Mean SquareError = ,587. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 4,000.
b Alpha = ,05.
Lampiran 13 Analisis ragam dan hasil uji Duncan terhadap kadar abu
Univariate Analysis of Variance Between-Subjects
Factors
N
Perlakuan A
3 B
3 C
3 D
3 ULANGAN
1 4
2 4
3 4
Tests of Between-Subjects Effects Dependent Variable: Kadar abu
Source Type III Sum of
Squares Df
Mean Square
F Sig.
Corrected Model ,839a
5 ,168
1,944 ,221
Intercept 27,540
1 27,540
319,053 ,000
PERLAKUAN ,797
3 ,266
3,076 ,112
ULANGAN ,042
2 ,021
,245 ,791
Error ,518
6 ,086
Total 28,896
12 Corrected Total
1,357 11
a R Squared = ,618 Adjusted R Squared = ,300 Post Hoc Tests
PERLAKUAN Homogeneous Subsets
Kadar
abu Duncan
PERLAKUAN N
Subset 1
2
B 3
1,1150 C
3 1,5203
1,5203 D
3 1,5943
1,5943 A
3 1,8300
Sig. ,102
,258 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. Based on Type III Sum of Squares The
error term is Mean SquareError = ,086. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 3,000.
b Alpha = ,05. ULANGAN
Homogeneous Subsets Kadar
abu Duncan
ULANGAN N
Subset 1
1 4
1,4450 2
4 1,5098
3 4
1,5900 Sig.
,524 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. Based on Type III Sum of Squares The
error term is Mean SquareError = ,086. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 4,000.
b Alpha = ,05.
Lampiran 14 Analisis ragam dan hasil uji Duncan terhadap titik leleh
Univariate Analysis of Variance Between-Subjects
Factors
N PERLAKUAN
A 3
B 3
C 3
D 3
ULANGAN 1
4 2
4 3
4 Tests of Between-Subjects Effects
Dependent Variable:Titik leleh
Source Type III Sum of
Squares Df
Mean Square F
Sig.
Corrected Model 413,417a
5 82,683
12,559 ,004
Intercept 88924,083
1 88924,083
13507,456 ,000
PERLAKUAN 396,250
3 132,083
20,063 ,002
ULANGAN 17,167
2 8,583
1,304 ,339
Error 39,500
6 6,583
Total 89377,000
12 Corrected Total
452,917 11
a R Squared = ,913 Adjusted R Squared = ,840 Post Hoc Tests
PERLAKUAN Homogeneous Subsets
Titik
leleh Duncan
PERLAKUAN N
Subset 1
2
B 3
82,0000 C
3 83,0000
D 3
83,3333 A
3 96,0000
Sig. ,560
1,000 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. Based on Type III Sum of Squares The
error term is Mean SquareError = 6,583. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 3,000.
b Alpha = ,05. ULANGAN
Homogeneous Subsets Titik
leleh Duncan
ULANGAN N
Subset 1
1 4
85,0000 2
4 85,5000
3 4
87,7500 Sig.
,193 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. Based on Type III Sum of Squares The
error term is Mean SquareError = 6,583. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 4,000.
b Alpha = ,05.
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
1.1 Latar Belakang