Conceptual Framework LITERATURE REVIEW AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

language are more important than the knowledge about the structures of the texts. CBI believes that through language the learners can convey the content. Therefore, the materials used in CBI are the authentic materials. It implies that the materials are similar with materials used in native language instruction, such as articles in a newspaper, magazine, and any other media that were not originally produced for the teaching and learning purpose. The learners learn the language indirectly. Through the CBI, the four skills, grammar, and vocabulary are not taught separately. The content chosen by the CBI view are relevance to students‟ lives, interests, andor academic goals. These principles are met with the view of ESP. The materials which are developed in the form of students‟ book consist of some units that are built around themes to support goals or objectives of the study. Each unit consist of several tasks that enable students to achieve the goals. The tasks are sequenced from the easiest to the hardest one and from receptive to productive activities. The tasks applied scientific approach that consists of six steps; observing, questioning, collecting data, analyzing data, communicating, and creating. The last point to be considered is material evaluation. The aspects of materials will be judged by the materials experts which includes the measurement of the appropriateness of the content, the language, the presentation, and the graphic. This study needs to be conducted since it aims at finding out the target needs and the learning needs of Beauty Skincare study programme and develop the appropriate learning materials for them based on Curriculum 2013 because there is an absence of existence of the appropriate materials.

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD

1. Type of Research

This research belongs to Research and Development in which the materials are developed based on the needs analysis of learning English of the students. Gall and Borg 1983 said that Research and Development has main objectives, those are: to develop products, and testing-out the effectiveness of products in reaching the objectives of the research. The developed products can be textbooks or learning media. This research aims at developing materials in the form of a textbookmodule which is appropriate for Grade Eleven students of Beauty Skincare study programme in SMKN 6 Yogyakarta. While the step of testing-out the effectiveness of products was in the form of expert judgment.

2. Research Setting

The setting of the research was conducted in SMK Negeri 6 Yogyakarta since there is a Beauty Skincare study programme which has employed the Curriculum 2013.

3. Research Subject

The subjects of the research were the grade eleven students of Beauty Skincare study programme. The population of the research was the students of XI Kecantikan Kulit class which consists of 28 students.

4. Research Procedure

This research applied the model proposed by Thiagarajan 1974. Then, it was combined with the model of research procedure proposed by Jolly and Bolitho in Tomlinson 1998 and Borg and Gall 1983. Thiagarajan 1974 proposed four steps consists of define, design, develop, disseminate, that are called Four-D. Figure 1: Research procedure proposed by Thiagarajan 1974. The model was then modified by the researcher in order to fit the process of developing the materials for grade eleven students of beauty skin care study programme. The first and the third steps were taken from Jolly and Bolitho in Tomlinson 1998, while the fourth step was an implementation of Borg and Gall 1983 objective. The fifth step was also taken from Borg and Gall 1983. The second step was adjusted to the need of the research. The model of materials development in this research is presented below: continued Disseminate Develop Design Define