Report to present factual information about a class of things, usually
by classifying them and then describing their characteristics
Explanation to give reasons for a state of affairs or a judgment
Table 2.1 Writing’s Genres
3. The Writing Process
Writing is like speaking to others on a paper or on a computer screen. Writing is partly a talent, but it’s mostly a skill, and like any
skill, it improves with practice. Writing is also an action- a process of discovering and organizing the ideas, putting them through a paper,
and reshaping then revising them.
9
Furthermore, Kate Grenville says that there are six steps on writing processes:
10
a. Getting ideas in no particular order. b. Choosing selecting the ideas, think it will be most useful.
c. Outlining putting these ideas into the best order-making a
plan. d. Drafting doing a first draft from beginning to end, without
going back. e. Revising cutting, adding or moving parts of this draft where
necessary. f. Editing proofreading for grammar, spelling and paragraphs
11
Based on the book of a writing resource guide, writing is much more than just putting words on a paper. By its very nature, writing is a
series of forward and backward steps as writers think, reflect, revise, detour, start over, and repeat earlier steps. The job of educators is to guide
students through the process in order to help them become the best writers
9
Alan Meyers, Op. Cit., p.3.
10
Kristine Brown Susane Hood, Writing Skills and Strategies for Students of English, New York: Cambridge University Press, 1989, p.10.
11
Kate Grenville, Writing From Start to Finish a Six-Steps Guide, New South Wales: Allen Unwin, 2001, p. 8.
they can be. In order to give the necessary skills to the students, writing must be explicitly taught and given time.
12
The figure of writing steps are shown below:
Figure 2.1 The Writing Process
13
The description of the figure is that the writing process should be an ongoing cycle in every writing classroom. Students should be engaged
in prewriting, drafting, revising, editing, and publishing. The process is not a linear step-by-step sequence, but rather a repeated process that students
pass through at different rates, sometimes moving on and at other times
12
Handbook of A writing Resource Guide, Orange Country Public School, p.1.
13
Ibid., p.9.
Prewriting
Ideas
Audience
Purpose
Form
PublishingSharing
Presentation
Author’s chair
3Compliments
and a wish
Editing
Conventions
Revising
Ideas
Organization
Voice
Word choice
Conferencing Drafting
