Motivation Factors Underlying the Choice of the Strategies

166 for different situations. Some of potential motivations driven the speakers to select different strategies to make requests are to persuade, to warn, and to order someone to do or not to do the speakers’ demands. To persuade meant to convince someone to do something needed by the speakers. Some situated contexts in DCTs satisfied this motivation factor as seen in situation five and nine. The examples of the request strategies for persuading motivations are given below. 360 Excuse me, sir. If I could ask, I need a reposition about my job. I think I did the maximum thing in coping with this position, but I couldn’t manage it well. DM 130 361 Hi, John. Your work is very satisfied me. This is your chance to prove that you are more than good in managing marketing. Let’s join my team . DM 250 Convincing the hearer to take the request inspired the speaker to employ most resounding fashion. Through the using of the conditional sentence “If I could ask”, the expression in 360 created a more soften way in asking about the reposition of the speake r’s job. It is often that both Medical and Law students stressed the supportive grounder as “I think I did the maximum thing in coping with this position, but I couldn’t manage it well” to put their justifications, in which also acted as disarmer to any probable refusal. In addition, humbling hisherself to not be able to manage the responsibility well would be promising way to gain the hearer’s sympathy. Trying to get in touch with the hearer’s feeling, the request had great possibility to be succeeded. Consistently, example 360 was claimed to be the same as the 361 which passed out to persuade motivation. Persuading the hearer to accept and do the requests, one way of emerging the positive feeling to himher, was by compliments PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 167 which regarded as very helpful supportive moves. Compliments were functioned as sweeteners to rise the excitements of the hearer toward the demand implored. The using of more than one compliments in a request were still observed as acceptable, such as “Your work is very satisfied me” and “This is your chance to prove that you are more than good in managing marketing” to be ended by main head acts of persuasi on like “Let’s join my team”. Taking a close reading to this example, the researcher found that this external strategy of request had high probability to be complied by the hearer. Unlike to persuade motivation, to warn dealt with the matter of telling someone about possible danger or trouble might resulted and in some point asking someone to do or not to do something in order to avoid the trouble. This motivation opted by the Medical and Law students mostly for the situation six settled in DCTs. 362 Sorry, sir. Do you know this room is a nonsmoking area? If you lights the cigarette, the alarm will be ringing . DM 172 363 Sorry sir, can you kill your cigarette? You are not allowed to smoke here DM 177 364 Excuse me, can you turn your cigarette out? It is forbidden to smoke indoors and it really disturb others . DL 180 Employing warn statements in making request strictly increased the impositive force of the speech acts used. Out of the external modifications stated by Rue and Zhang, the researcher discovered another opted strategy of supportive warn. For some reason, as for asking someone not to do something, supportive moralizing and reprimanding were fairly representative. Yet, on the other hand, giving warnings also useful moreover when the situations potentially caused some trouble as three examples above. The responses implored the hearer to stop smoking. Due to some emotional emphasises, people often straightforwardly PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 168 conveyed the probable danger happened as of the smoke. Henceforth, using warn statements as seen in “If you lights the cigarette, the alarm will be ringing”, “You are not allowed to smoke here”, and “It is forbidden to smoke indoors and it really disturb others” were taken as another beneficial request strategy particularly asking someone not to smoke in a no-smoking area. The last motivation which drove the speaker to employ certain request strategy is to order motivation. This motivation conveyed through directing someone to do the plea or instruction. In giving order, the issue of the power, distance, and rank of imposition were always attached. In other words, people whom owned less power and position had no authority to give the order. The order motivation was mostly revealed in situation three of this study. 365 Excuse me, man. Can you go to the cafeteria to get me a drink? Thank you. Sorry if I am bothering you. DM 090 366 Hey, come here a minute I ask you to bring me water because I feel very thirsty . DM 070 367 I want to have some drink. Can you make me a glass of tea? My mouth is so dry. DL 079 When the gap of power as well as degree of impostion were existed, it was always acceptable to give command or order to the hearer who had less power. Moreover, everything implored or requested by the boss, the hearer as the employee had no ability to deny, but accepted the requests. Examples above noted that the speakers ordered the hearers in a high impositive force. Thus, the statements of “Can you go to the cafeteria to get me a drink?”, “I ask you to bring me water because I feel very thirsty”, and “I want to have some drink. Can you make me a glass of tea?” initiated as increasing the face threatening to the hearers and impolite PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 169 in other way. Yet, the sociological variables accepted these selection of linguistic units to be employed for settled situation contexts. Finally, the researcher summarizes that these seven factors underlied the opting of different requests strategies and modifications are interrelated one another. Therefore, in making appropriate requests, the speakers have to pay great attention not only to the notion of power, distance, and rank of imposition, yet further, there are six other relevant factors not to be overlooked such as situation settings, pragmatic competence, request size, reciprocal asymmetry, urgency, as well as the motivations for doing requests. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 170

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

This last chapter of the thesis is to summarize and conclude the findings as well as the discussions, and at the same point, to give suggestion for future researchers whom might be interested in doing research on request acts. However, this chapter provides supportive answers of the three research questions stated in this study.

A. CONCLUSION

This study on linguistic behavior of Medical and Law students in making requests adds a new dimension to pragmatic study, particularly on speech acts for requests, that different fields of study potentially affect the choices of selected linguistics units. Concerning on investigating different use of speech acts for requests at different fields of study, derived from the samples of the non-English students of Batam University population, the researcher inferred that Medical and Law students in general were confirmed to select distinctive strategies in making requests based on their intentions which influenced by several factors. The researcher notes three key points to answer three research problems of this study. Firstly, both Medical and Law students employed four request sequences of the openers, head acts, internal and external modifications in making requests for different situational contexts. Secondly, despite the results that show both groups used all of the four strategies, some distinctions are clearly found. And thirdly, the PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 171 selection of different strategies and modifications triggered by seven potential factors discovered by the researcher, namely: sociological variables and politeness, situation setting, pragmatic competence, request size, reciprocal asymmetry, urgency of requests, and motivations behind it. Following the four request sequences, it can be infered that Medical students preferred to employ external modifications to modify the requests, thus, the force and the burden of the hearers can be diminished. At the same time, the employment of other three modifications of internal modifications, head acts and openers put more concern on hearer’s side and possibly get the addressee to agree and take the pleas. In one hand, Law students favored the internal modifications especially the syntactic interrogatives since their specialization required them to make negotiation a lot. Despite of shorter expressions used by Law students, they wanted to get stratightforward about what they wants. Thus, the three other modifications put more focus on the speaker side as to make the hearer give solid “yes” or “no” responses. Futher, the opting of different strategies by Medical and Law students are for distinctive communicative goals in making requests. Related to this second problem, the reasercher summaries some points. For the first point, Medical students made great use of the external modifications to diminish the illocutionary force of the requests. From the results, it was notable that Medical students employed more complex variety of external modifications with greater occurrence. It is verified through t-test result of significant value 0.000 that indicates very significant distinction from the Law group. Inclination to apply more supportive PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI