The Technique of Data Analysis

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CHAPTER II THE THEORITICAL DESCRIPTION

A. Previous Research

There are some researches related to Angela’s Ashes 1996 by Frank McCourt, they are a thesis titled An Analysis of Moral Development In Angela’s Ashes by MJ Tarigan from University of North Sumatra 14 , a journal titled Angela’s Ashes : Class Struggle and the Dream of Betterment by Hamid Farahmandian from University Putra Malaysia 15 and an essay titled Frank McCourt’s Angela’s Ashes: A Picture of an Irish Childhood by Emilia Stopar from Lund University, Sweden. 16 MJ Tarigan in her thesis titled An Analysis of Moral Development In Angela’s Ashes explains about how the main character Frank experience his moral development. Based on the definition of moral development which is the process through which children develop proper attitudes and behaviors toward other people in society, based on social and cultural norms, rules, and laws, Tarigan is interested to analyze moral development in this novel 14 MJ. Tarigan, An Analysis of Moral Development In Angela’s Ashes, Accessed on 11.00 pm May 22th, 2015. http:repository.usu.ac.idhandle12345678925546. 15 Hamid Farahmandian, Angela’s Ashes : Class Struggle and the Dream of Betterment, Accessed on 11.16 pm May 22th, 2015. http:www.iiste.orgJournalsindex.phpRHSSarticleview83598556. 16 Emilia Stopar, Frank McCourt’s Angela’s Ashes: A Picture of an Irish Childhood, Accessed on 11.32 pm May 22th, 2015. http:www.lunduniversity.lu.seluppublication1320926. because he found that the main character in this novel, Frank, undergoes moral development through conflicts and incidents he experiences in his life. Tarigan uses extrinsic approach which is a kind of approach which analyzes the literary work and its connection with other knowledge and external factors such as biography, history, society, religion, psychology and so on. Tarigan uses extrinsic approach by connecting the story with other knowledge and relate it with psychology in order to get deeper understanding about moral development that usually experienced by children Meanwhile, Hamid Farahmandian in his journal analysis titled Angela’s Ashes : Class Struggle and the Dream of Betterment explains how the class struggle and its effects on the society and characters in novel Angela’s Ashes. The choosing of his analysis’s aim is viewed from the story of Frank McCourt as the author of the novel who experiences th financial and social troubles in both the United States and his homeland, Ireland. To accomplish his goal, he uses the theory of Marxism. He focuses on economic issues and class issue which is examined to three issues, they are „Alienation’, „Religion’, and „Revolution’. Dividing the issues into three issues is caused of the effect of social troubles to the character, Frank McCourt, who has the class struggle and the dream going to United States. Hamid aims to see which one the primary cause of Frank’s leave to United States is. And finally, in the end of his analysis, he concludes that Frank leaved Ireland to the United States because of alienation that he