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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter discusses the methodology used in this research. There are five parts discussed in this chapter, namely the research method, setting, subjects,
instruments and data gathering technique, as well as data analysis technique.
A. Research Method
The method used in this research was qualitative research. Straus and Corbin 1998 mention that qualitative research usually refers to research about
person’s lives, lived experiences, and behaviours. They also explain that some of the data for qualitative research may be quantified as with census or background
information about the persons or subjects studied, but the analysis of qualitative research is interpretative. Straus and Corbin 1998 state that qualitative analysis
in qualitative research is a nonmathematical process of interpretation. Qualitative methods can be used to obtain the details about phenomena, such as feelings,
thought process, and emotions which are difficult to obtain through conventiona methods.
In this research, the researcher employed qualitative research in order to obtain the understanding and more complete explanation toward a phenomenon.
In this case, the phenomenon was the collaborative learning used in Play Performance class.
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Another reason the researcher used qualitative research was because the data for this research were documents. Documents are said to be another source of
information which can be invaluable to qualitative researchers Hoepfl, 1997. Johnson and Christensen 2012 state that documents; such as personal
documents, official documents physical data, and archived research data, are frequently used for qualitative research.
In analysing the documents, the researcher employed content analysis as the method. It was used based on the data, which were reflection papers. As cited
in Ena 2013, p. 37, Krippendorff 2004 states that “content analysis refers to a
research technique for making replicable and valid inferences from text to other meaningful matter to the context of their use.”
B. Research Setting
This research was conducted in December 2016 to February 2017. The researcher analyzed the
students’ reflection papers of Play Performance class in the first semester of the academic year of 20152016. The data were collected
from Play Performance class. Play Performance class is a compulsory subject in English Language Education Study Program in Sanata Dharma University. In this
class, the students had to make a group project in the end of the class. They had to perform a play.
Besides the project as the main task, they had another task, such as writing two reflections during the semester. The researcher colleted the data from those
reflection papers. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
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C. Research Subjects
The subjects of this research were reflection papers from 44 students of the English Language Education Study Program of Sanata Dharma University. These
reflection papers were taken from the students from class B of Play Performance class.
There were 90 students’ reflection papers. The reason why the researcher chose the reflection papers from students
batch 2013 in class B of Play Performance was because the number of the reflection papers were sufficient to represent the whole Play Performance class in
the first semester of the academic year of 2015. From all classes of Play Performance class, the researcher chose the
documents which were accessible. Another reason why the researcher chose reflection papers from Play Performance class in the first semester of the
academic year of 2015 was because the documents were available to be collected. Due to the reasons, this study used convenience sampling. Ettikan, Musa, and
Alkassim 2016, p. 2 state that, convenient sampling is a type of non-random sampling where members of target population meet certain practical criteria, such
as easy accessibility, geographical proximity, availability, or the willingness to participate are included for the purpose of the study.
D. Instruments and Data Gathering Technique
The research instruments were devices used to collect data, such as tests, questionnaires, interviews, focus group, observation, and secondary or existing
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