Type of Research RESEARCH METHOD

5 - Production of the materials This step included the consideration of the appropriate layout, type size, visuals, sounds, reproduction, etc. - Student use of materials This step was done by having an alpha test. The term ‘alpha test’ was proposed by Alessi and Trollip in 2001. Actually, the materials that have been designed should be tried out to the actual users students or we may call it as an empirical judgment. However, in recent years, English Education study program of Faculty of Languages and Arts, State University of Yogyakarta has changed this step. In this study program, the material developer just needs to do an alpha test, which means that he or she does not has to try the product out to the actual users, yet he or she needs to conduct an expert judgment or theoretical judgment in order to get the validation of the product and substitute the empirical judgment. 6 Evaluation of the materials against agreed objectives. The experts gave the critic, corrections, or suggestions toward the product. It was significant to know if the product has fulfilled the objectives arranged by the developer or not. 7 Revision It was actually an additional step of the procedure. To make the product better, it needs to be revised based on the critics, correction, or suggestions given by the experts in the alpha test.

C. Research Setting and Subjects

The setting of the research was at SMPN 6 Yogyakarta which is located at Jalan RW. Monginsidi 01, Cokrodiningratan, Jetis, Yogyakarta. Furthermore, the research subjects were thirty six students from Grade VII B class of SMPN 6 Yogyakarta as the sample of this study.

D. Data Collection Techniques

The data collection technique used by the researcher in this study was questionnaire. There were two questionnaires used in this study. The first one was used in the needs analysis stage to obtain the information about stu dents’ needs and learning needs. The second questionnaire was used in the expert judgment stage to substitute the field testing stage. It was in order to get some suggestions, comments and validation about the final product.

E. Research Instruments

The research instruments of this study consisted of two questionnaires. The first questionnaire was used in the needs analysis process in order to gain information about learners’ and learning needs. This questionnaire is in form of multiple choice questions. The students might choose more than one choice or add their own answers that describe their needs. The second questionnaire was used for expert judgment to get the validation, comments and suggestions for revising the product. The kind of the questionnaire used in the expert judgment is a