The newspapers carried reports of a famine of ‘biblical proportions’ in Ethiopia. Sometimes the party sounds a little too enthusiastic about enforcing majority
‘rights’. E.
In the last example the effect of inserting the quotation marks is to suggest that the writer does not accept responsibility for the appropriateness of the expression
‘rights’ in this context.
Whereas Azar 1993:364 in Zebua 2009 states that there are some rules in quoting direct speech. It will explain below:
– Put a comma after reporting clause: Lampard says, – Put quotation mark: Lampard says, “
– Capitalize the first letter of the quotation: Lampard says, “I – Write the quotation: Lampard says, “I will be a champion
– Put a final period and put quotation mark after it: Lampard says, “I will be a champion.”
– When there are two or more sentences in a quotation, put the quotation marks at the beginning and the end of whole quote.
For example:
“You come to my house. You take all my jewelry. You shot my servants down,” William said angrily.
– As with the period, put the quotation mark at the end of the quote.
2.3 Indirect Speech
Indirect speech is a means the content of statements, questions or other utterances, without quoting them explicitly as is done in direct speech. Indirect speech also
Universitas Sumatera Utara
known as reported speech or indirect discourse. It is absolutely the opposite of the direct speech.
Basically direct and indirect speech are almost the same, those are the speech which always be used in our lives. We can be used it when we want to retell
someone’s speech to the other. It means that it is the past forms of direct speech. There are so many indicators to indicate the indirect speech or the special
characteristics of indirect speech.
2.3.1 The Change of Sentence Structure
The change of sentence structure means that the structure of one sentence to another is changed. We can see it directly and it is concrete. It connects to the use of
punctuations. We can conclude that it is direct or indirect speech directly when we see the sentence itself. In direct speech we can see the used of comma after the
reporting clause and the quotation marks single or double quotation mark in the reported clause but it doesn’t happen in indirect speech. Indirect speech never uses
comma and quotation marks. So, it can be diversification between direct and indirect speech visually.
For examples:
She said, “My mother cooks well.” Direct Speech
She said that her mother cooked well. Indirect Speech
From the sentences above, it is clear that there is a diversification between the sentences above. The comma above direct speech is replaced by word
“that” and the quotation mark is missing without any replacement. Even the comma and
quotation mark is missing in indirect speech but there is no changes with the other
Universitas Sumatera Utara
marks period. It is not only occurred in statement sentence, it also happens in command and question sentence.
1. CommandRequest Sentence
The commandrequest sentence is used to orderrequest someone to do something. The typical of this sentence is the use of command mark which makes
it different from the other sentences. Command mark is used in this sentence which can be found in direct speech. When the direct speech is changing to the indirect
speech, the comma and quotation mark are missed like the usual. There are 2 kinds of commandrequest sentence which have different changes in
indirect speech. They are:
a. Positive CommandRequest Sentence
