F. Definition of Terms
Some specific terms will be used in this research. In order to avoid misunderstanding and obtain the same idea during this research, the following
terms will represent some definitions of terms which are used in this research:
1. Instructional design
According to Kemp 1977:6, instructional design is the development of an overall plan incorporating the interrelated parts in sequential pattern.
Moreover, Gagne and Briggs 1979:1-2 define instructional design as a systematic framework of designing instruction which will activate and support
learning. In this study, instructional design is a systematic plan that will be used as the steps in designing a set of instructional listening materials.
2. Communicative Language Teaching CLT
Communicative Language Teaching is an approach to the teaching of second and foreign language that emphasizes interaction as both the means and
the goal of learning a language. According to Richards and Rodgers 2001: 159, the communication approach in language teaching starts from a theory of
language as communication. The goal of language teaching is to develop what Hymes 1979 as cited by Richards and Rodgers 2001: 159 referred to as
“communicative competence.” Therefore, in this study CLT is an approach that will be the reference to construct the listening material design for the tenth grade
students of SMA BOPKRI 2 Yogyakarta.
3. Listening
Listening is an activity where someone has to pay attention to something or somebody. Goh 2002: 1 says that listening takes up as much as
50 of our everyday communication time. It is the main channel of classroom instruction and the most used language skill at work and at home. In this study,
listening will become the English learning skill that will be studied to design an instructional design for the tenth grade students of SMA BOPKRI 2 Yogyakarta.
4. SMA BOPKRI 2 Yogyakarta
SMA BOPKRI 2 Yogyakarta is one of private senior high schools in Yogyakarta. It is located on Jenderal Sudirman street number 87, Yogyakarta. In
this study, this school becomes the subject where the research for designing the listening materials be conducted.
5. Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan KTSP
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