Bahan ajar Sumber belajar dan bahan ajar a. Sumber belajar

32 t e n t u s a j a d i p e r l u k a n s u a t u r a n c a n g a n y a n g b a i k a g a r s e t e l a h s e l e s a i me l i h a t s i s wa d a p a t me l a k u k a n s e s u a t a u y a n g p a d a a k h i r n y a me n g u a s a i s a t u a t a u l e b i h k o mp e t e n s i d a s a r . b B a h a n a j a r d e n g a r audio B e r b a g a i ma c a m b a h a n a j a r d e n g a r a n t a r a l a i n : 1 K a s e t p i r i n g a n h i t a m compact disk S e b u a h k a s e t p i r i n g a n h i t a m compact disk y a n g d i r e n c a n a k a n s e d e mi k i a n r u p a s e h i n g g a me n j a d i s e b u a h p r o g r a m y a n g d a p a t d i p e r g u n a k a n s e b a g a i b a h a n a j a r . 2R a d i o R a d i o a d a l a h me d i a d e n g a r y a n g d a p a t d i ma n f a a t k a n s e b a g a i b a h a n a j a r . c B a h a n a j a r p a n d a n g d e n g a r audio visual B a h a n a j a r p a n d a n g d e n g a r audio visual a n t a r a l a i n : 1 V i d e o f i l m V i d e o f i l m me r u p a k a n a l a t b a n t u y a n g d i d e s a i n s e b a g a i b a h a n a j a r . P r o g r a m v i d e o f i l m b i a s a n y a d i g u n a k a n s e b a g a i a l a t b a n t u p a n d a n g d e n g a r audio visual . 2Or a n g n a r a s u mb e r Or a n g s e b a g a i s u mb e r b e l a j a r d a p a t j u g a d i k a t a k a n s e b a g a i b a h a n a j a r y a n g d a p a t d i p a n d a n g d a n d i d e n g a r , k a r e n a d e n g a n s e s e o r a n g o r a n g d a p a t b e l a j a r , mi s a l n y a k a r e n a o r a n g t e r s e b u t me mp u n y a i k e t e r a mp i l a n t e r t e n t u . d B a h a n a j a r i n t e r a k t i f interactive teaching material 33 B a h a n a j a r i n t e r a k t i f me n u r u t Guidelines for Bibliographic Description of I nteractive Multimedia d a l a m b u k u Ma j i d 2007 : 1 8 1 d i j e l a s k a n , mu l t i me d i a i n t e r a k t i f a d a l a h k o mb i n a s i d a r i d u a a t a u l e b i h a u d i o , t e k s , g r a f i k , g a mb a r , a n i ma s i , d a n v i d e o y a n g o l e h p e n g g u n a n y a d i ma n i p u l a s i u n t u k me n g e n d a l i k a n p e r i n t a h d a n p e r i l a k u a l a mi d a r i s u a t u p r e s e n t a s i .

3. Pendekatan pembelajaran

P e n d e k a t a n me r u p a k a n t i t i k t o l a k a t a u s u d u t p a n d a n g k i t a t e r h a d a p p r o s e s p e mb e l a j a r a n . I s t i l a h p e n d e k a t a n me r u j u k k e p a d a p a n d a n g a n t e n t a n g t e r j a d i n y a s u a t u p r o s e s y a n g s i f a t n y a ma s i h s a n g a t u mu m. B e r d a s a r k a n k a j i a n t e r h a d a p p e n d a p a t i n i , ma k a p e n d e k a t a n me r u p a k a n l a n g k a h a wa l p e mb e n t u k a n s u a t u i d e d a l a m me ma n d a n g s u a t u ma s a l a h a t a u o b y e k k a j i a n . P e n d e k a t a n a k a n me n e n t u k a n a r a h p e l a k s a n a a n i d e t e r s e b u t u n t u k me n g g a mb a r k a n p e r l a k u a n y a n g d i t e r a p k a n t e r h a d a p ma s a l a h a t a u o b y e k k a j i a n y a n g a k a n d i p e l a j a r i . P e n d e k a t a n d a l a m p e mb e l a j a r a n s a l a h s a t u n y a y a i t u p e n d e k a t a n b e r o r i e n t a s i p a d a s i s wa student centered approaches P e n d e k a t a n b e r o r i e n t a s i p a d a s i s wa student centered approaches a d a l a h p e n d e k a t a n p e mb e l a j a r a n y a n g me n e mp a t k a n s i s wa s e b a g a is u b j e k b e l a j a r d a n k e g i a t a n b e l a j a r b e r s i f a t mo d e r n . P e n d e k a t a n p e mb e l a j a r a n y a n g b e r o r i e n t a s i p a d a s i s wa , ma n a j e me n d a n p e n g e l o l a a n y a d i t e n t u k a n o l e h s i s wa . P a d a p e n d e k a t a n i n i s i s wa me mi l i k i k e s e mp a t a n y a n g t e r b u k a u n t u k me l a k u k a n k r e a t i f i t a s d a n me n g e mb a n g k a n p o t e n s i n y a me l a l u i a k t i f i t a s s e c a r a l a n g s u n g s e s u a i d e n g a n mi n a t d a n k e i n g i n a n n y a . P a d a p e n d e k a t a n i n i p e r a n g u r u l e b i h me n e mp a t k a n s e b a g a i f a s i l i t a t o r , p e mb i mb i n g s e h i n g g a 34 k e g i a t a n b e l a j a r s i s wa me n j a d i l e b i h t e r a r a h Ru s ma n , 201 2: 1 22- 1 23 . P e n d e k a t a n me r u p a k a n p e n d e k a t a k a n p s i k o l o g i h u ma n i s me y a i t u p e mb e l a j a r a n a d a l a h k e g i a t a n g u r u u n t u k me mf a s i l i t a s i s i s wa d a n me mb i mb i n g s i s wa b e l a j a r me l a l u i k e b u t u h a n s i s wa a g a r me mp e r o l e h p e ma h a ma n d a n p e n g e r t i a n . P r i n s i p i n i me n g a n d u n g ma k n a , b a h wa d a l a m p r o s e s p e mb e l a j a r a n s i s wa me n e mp a t i p o s i s i s e n t r a l s e b a g a is u b j e kb e l a j a r . K e b e r h a s i l a n p r o s e s p e mb e l a j a r a n t i d a k d i u k u r d a r i s e j a u h ma n a ma t e r i p e l a j a r a n t e l a h d i s a mp a i k a n g u r u , a k a n t e t a p i s e j a u h ma n a s i s wa t e l a h b e r a k t i f i t a s me n c a r i d a n me ma h a mi ma t e r i p e l a j a r a n s e n d i r i . P e mb e l a j a r a n b e r p u s a t p a d a s i s wa student centred learning me r u p a k a n p e n d e k a t a nP e mb e l a j a r a n K u r i k u l u m 201 3 t e r t u a n g s e c a r a j e l a s d a l a m P e r me n d i k b u d No . 8 1 A t e n t a n g I mp l e me n t a s i K u r i k u l u m 201 3. P a d a p e n d e k a t a np e mb e l a j a r a n k u r i k u l u m 201 3 d i h a r a p k a n ma mp u me n g h a s i l k a n l u l u s a n y a n g me n g u a s a i 4 e mp a t k o mp e t e n s i i n t i l u l u s a n y a i t u: a . K o mp e t e n s i I n t i - 1 K I - 1 u n t u k k o mp e t e n s i i n t i s i k a p s p i r i t u a l ; b . K o mp e t e n s i I n t i - 2 K I - 2 u n t u k k o mp e t e n s i i n t i s i k a p s o s i a l ; c . K o mp e t e n s i I n t i - 3 K I - 3 u n t u k k o mp e t e n s i i n t i p e n g e t a h u a n ; d a n d . K o mp e t e n s i I n t i - 4 K I - 4 u n t u k k o mp e t e n s i i n t i k e t e r a mp i l a n . P e mb e l a j a r a n b e r p u s a t p a d a s i s wa student centred learning me n j a d i p e n d e k a t a n wa j i b b a g i p e mb e l a j a r a nk u r i k u l u m 201 3 y a n g me n d a h u l u k a n k e p e n t i n g a n d a n k e ma mp u a n s i s wa d a l a m b e l a j a r .P e mb e l a j a r a n b e r p u s a t p a d a s i s wah a r u s me mb e r i r u a n g b a g i s i s wa u n t u k b e l a j a r me n u r u tk e t e r t a r i k a n n y a ,k e ma mp u a n p r i b a d i n y a , d a n g a y a 35 b e l a j a r n y a . S i s wa s e c a r a n a t u r a l b e r b e d a - b e d a s a t u d e n g a n y a n g l a i n n y a b a i k d a l a m k e t e r t a r i k a n n y a t e r h a d a p k e ma mp u a n i n t e l e k t u a l ma s i n g - ma s i n g ma u p u n d a l a m g a y a b e l a j a r y a n g d i s u k a i n y a . Gu r u d a l a m p e mb e l a j a r a n k u r i k u l u m 201 3 y a n g b e r p u s a t p a d a s i s wa student centred b e r p e r a n s e b a g a i f a s i l i t a t o r y a n g h a r u s ma mp u me mb a n g k i t k a n k e t e r t a r i k a n s i s wa t e r h a d a p s u a t u ma t e r i b e l a j a r d a n me n y e d i a k a n b e r a n e k ap e n d e k a t a n c a r a b e l a j a r ,s e h i n g g a s i s wa y a n g b e r b e d a - b e d a t e r s e b u t me mp e r o l e hme t o d a b e l a j a ry a n gp a l i n gs e s u a ib a g i n y a . L e b i h j a u h l a g i k e ma mp u a n i n t e l e k t u a l d a r i ma s i n g - ma s i n g s i s wa b e r b e d a - b e d a . S e b a g i a n s i s wa b i s a b e l a j a r s e c a r a ma n d i r i d e n g a n c a r a me n d e n g a r , me mb a c a , me l i h a t , me n o n t o n v i d e o , me n g i k u t i d e mo n s t r a s i k e a h l i a n t e r t e n t u s e n d i r i t a n p a o r a n g l a i n me mb a n t u n y a , n a mu n s e b a g i a n l a i n n y a s i s wa p e r l u b e r i n t e r a k s i d e n g a n l i n g k u n g a n b e l a j a r l a i n n y a s e p e r t i d e n g a n t e ma n - t e ma n n y a , g u r u , l i n g k u n g a n k e l a s , s e k o l a h d a n b a h k a n p e r l u b e k e r j a b e r s a ma d a l a m s u a t u k e l o mp o k k e r j a . K a r e n a i t u l a h d i d a l a m p e mb e l a j a r a n b e r p u s a t p a d a s i s wap a d ap e mb e l a j a r a n k u r i k u l u m 201 3, g u r u p e r l u me n y e d i a k a n me d i a d a n p e n d e k a t a n c a r a b e l a j a r y a n g b e r v a r i a s i p a d a p e mb e l a j a r a n . S e l a i n p e n d e k a t a n b e l a j a r b e r p u s a t p a d a s i s wa student centred learning t e r d a p a t p e mb e l a j a r a n b e r p u s a t p a d a g u r u student centred learning . P a d a k e n y a t a a n n y a , s e l a ma i n i p r o s e sp e mb e l a j a r a nb e r p u s a tp a d a s i s wat i d a k b e g i t u me n d a p a t p e r h a t i a n d a n p e n e k a n a n u n t u k me n g i mp l e me n t a s i k a n n y a s e h i n g g a s e b a g i a n b e s a r p r o s e s p e mb e l a j a r a n l e b i h me n e r a p k a n p r i n s i p s e b a l i k n y a y a i t up e mb e l a j a r a nb e r p u s a tp a d ag u r u . 36 Gu r u l e b i h d o mi n a n b e r c e r a ma h d a n me mb e r i i n s t r u k s i d i b a n d i n g me mb i mb i n g d a n me mf a s i l i t a s i b e l a j a r s i s wa . P r i n s i p d a s a rp e mb e l a j a r a n b e r p u s a tp a d as i s way a n g me n j a d i c i r i p e mb e l a j a r a n k u r i k u l u m 201 3, d a l a m p a n d a n g a n p e mb e l a j a r a n i n i s i s wa p e r l ud a nh a r u s t e r l i b a t p e ma h a ma n me l a l u i p e n a l a r a n o l e h d i r i s e n d i r i ma u p u nd a l a m k e l o mp o k d i s k u s i a t a u s u a t u k e l o mp o k k e c i l y a n g me mb a h a s s u a t u ma t e r i b e l a j a r . Gu r u l e b i h b e r s i f a t s e b a g a i f a s i l i t a t o r d a l a m p r o s e s me mb a n g u n p e n g e t a h u a n s i s wa t e r s e b u t . P e mb e l a j a r a n b e r p u s a t p a d a s i s wame r u p a k a n p e mb e l a j a r a n k u r i k u l u m 201 3 y a n g me n e mp a t k a n s i s wa s e b a g a is u b j e k u n t u k b e l a j a r , a r t i n y a s i s wa s e n d i r i l a hy a n gme l a k u k a n l a n g k a h - l a n g k a h s e c a r a a k t i f d a l a m r a n g k a b e l a j a r y a n g t e l a h d i r a n c a n g s e c a r a c e r ma t o l e h g u r u . S a a t i t u g u r u a k t i f me mf a s i l i t a s i d a n me mb i mb i n g a g a r s i s wa ma mp u me l a k u k a n l a n g k a h - l a n g k a h b e l a j a r n y a . K a r e n a i t u g u r u p e r l u l e b i h c e r ma t l a g i me r e n c a n a k a n k e g i a t a n - k e g i a t a n s i s wa i n i d a l a m r p p r e n c a n a p e l a k s a n a a n p e mb e l a j a r a n . B e r b a g a i j e n i s k o n t e n ma t e r i p e mb e l a j a r a np e r l u d i s u s u n s e d e mi k i a n r u p a s e h i n g g a me mu d a h k a n s i s wa u n t u k p e ma h a ma n t e r h a d a p ma t e r i p e mb e l a j a r a n . P e mb e l a j a r a n b e r p u s a t p a d a s i s wame n u n t u t s i s wa u n t u k a k t i f b e l a j a r me l a l u i a k t i f i t a s - a k t i f i t a s d a l a m r a n g k a me r a i h s u b - s u b k o mp e t e n s i y a n g me mb e n t u k k o mp e t e n s i u t a ma s e c a r a u t u h . Ol e h k a r e n a i t u , g u r u h a r u s s e c a r a c e r ma t me n y i a p k a n k e g i a t a n - k e g i a t a n d a n a k t i f i t a s - a k t i f i t a s y a n gs e s u a i d e n g a n t u j u a n a k h i r p e mb e l a j a r a n . P e n y u s u n a n a k t i f i t a s b e l a j a r b e r p u s a t p a d a s i s wa i n i h a r u s me mp e r h a t i k a n k a r a k t e r i s t i k - k a r a k t e r i s t i k s i s wa