specification that is done by Trump has a function to denote the words ‘were
paying too much ’. Most of the audiences probably do not know the exact
amount of it. For that reason, the specification is done.
f. Elaboration
In this research, the researcher found that elaboration is used to explain a concept in utterance in order to make the interlocutor understand the context. The
following example illustrates an elaboration pattern.
Trump: Wouldnt you rather have Japan, perhaps, theyre over there, theyre very close, theyre very fearful of North Korea, and
were supposed to protect. datum 27 Trump is elaborating his answer when he is asked why he seem let Japan
to have a nuclear weapon. Here, he is trying to serve his opinion why he seems to support Japan as well as South Korea to have nuclear weapons. He said the
geographical factor is one of the main reasons why those countries should protect themselves from North Korea. The words „over there‟ and „very close‟ in the
conversation lead Trump to do an elaboration in this case. Another example can be seen in the example below.
Trump: We have to be extremely strong with ISIS. We have to wipe ISIS off the face of the Earth so fast and so violently we have
no choice. We have no choice. datum 39 Trump uses the word „extremely strong‟ in dealing with ISIS existence.
Here, he elaborates his previous words by explaining the intention of being strong. He emphasizes that people in the world must wipe ISIS violently in order to
destroy them because the world has no choice.
The example below is another example of elaboration pattern. Trump: When General Odiemo left recently, a year ago, I was watching
him on maybe your show, one of the shows, and he said that the United States Army, the United States military forces have
never been so - and I think he used the word depleted. But basically he said theyre exhausted. datum 59
Trump gives his opinion about United States Army status in present day. Here, the elaboration can be noticed in the bold parts. In the beginning, Trump
says „the United States Army‟ but after a pause, he elaborates his words in the conversation to make detail information about the topic by saying „the United
States military forces
’, in case there are several definitions of Army that exist. g.
Exemplification
Providing example in a conversation is one of the ways to make the conversation is easier to receive by the participants. In the talk show Anderson
Cooper 360: Donald Trump , CNN Milwaukee Republican Presidential Town Hall
Episode the researcher found several examples of exemplification as seen below.
Trump: We are supporting nations now, militarily, we are supporting nations like Saudi Arabia which was making during the good oil
days which was a year ago, now theyre making less but still a lot, 1 billion a day. datum 20
As seen in the example above, Trump says „Saudi Arabia‟ as one of the countries which accepts help from USA, militarily. Before he mentions the
country‟s name, he previously says „we are supporting nations now‟ which means there are other countries besides Saudi Arabia which also receive help from USA.
Another similar case also can be seen in the example as follows. Anderson: The other, though, part of Lieutenant Murphys question was
about protecting the rights of minority groups, of Muslims,
or Sikhs, of Jews, and others inside the United States... datum 41
In the case above, Anderson as the host tries to recall the question proposed by the audience. The question is related to the rights of minority groups
in USA to have a protection from the official government. Here, Anderson says „minority groups‟ which is followed by the example of the minority group itself
like Muslims, Sikhs, Jews, and others.
h. Rewording
