Data Analysis Techniques IMPROVING THE SPEAKING SKILLS OF XI GRADE STUDENTS OF SMA ANGKASA ADISUTJIPTO THROUGH THE USE OF VIDEOS IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR OF 2013/2014.
2. Outcome Validity
The outcome of the study was to improve students’ speaking skills of
class XI Science of SMA Angkasa Adisutjipto. The achievement of the result and outcome involved not only the solution of the problems but
also the existence of new questions in the related research. 3.
Process Validity The process validity was related to the criteria to make the action
research believable. This criterion was applied to validate the data by looking at the teaching and learning process during the research.
4. Catalytic Validity
The research allowed all the participants to deepen their understanding of the social relatives of the context. It was referred to the change in
the teacher’s and students’ perspectives and attitudes toward the speaking skill after the implementation.
5. Dialogic Validity
The result of the study was monitored by peer review in academic discussion. This research involved the collaborators, so the researcher
could review or examine the failure and success of the action with the collaborators.
b. Reliability
To show the reliability, the researcher involved more than one assessor and more than one testing. To make it more reliable, the researcher carefully
recorded and analyzed the data. Then, to avoid subjectivity in analyzing the data, triangulation was used.
The triangulation was aimed to gather multiple perspectives on the situation being studied. This research focused on three ways of triangulations.
They were time triangulation, investigator triangulation, and theoretical triangulation. First, the researcher used the time triangulation in which the data
were collected in different points of time. Then, the researcher focused on the investigator triangulation. There was more than one observer to avoid personal
bias and to provide checks on the reliability of the observation. Moreover, the researcher asked the English teacher to collect the data to be compared with her
own and the researcher also reviewed many theories from the experts, not only take one theory for the basis.