b. Effective Media for Teaching Speaking
Effective media builds a bridge between students knowledge and the learning objectives of the course. Using media can also engage students, aid
student
s’ retention of knowledge, motivate interest in the subject matter, and illustrate the relevance of many concepts.
Nowadays, media is not a new thing for teaching and learning process since media have spread out and have given a big contribution to educational field to
improve teaching and learning process especially in speaking. The use of various teaching aids and media can be very helpful both for practical or motivational to
improve the teaching and learning process of speaking. It is stated by Harmer 2007:134. Here are some media that can be very helpful in teaching and learning
process as what is stated by Harmer: a
Pictures and Images Pictures and images in the form of flashcards, large wall pictures, cue
cards, photographs, and illustrations can be used to facilitate students to learn in a multiplicity of ways such as drilling, understanding,
communicative games, and discussions. b
Realia Objects which are intrinsically interesting can provide a good starting
point to learn a variety of language works and communicative activities. Students can also use realia for simulation and role play or to act out
from a script.
c Language laboratory
Language laboratory can provide students a chance of speaking in a number of ways. Students can record their own talks and speeches and
then listen back to it and make adjustments. Language laboratory can also encourage the students to practice language which they have
recently been focusing. d
Computer-based Materials Computer-based materials provide a real-life context to the students since
computer-based materials such as CD, DVD, videos, and movies can give the students appropriate models of nativ
e speakers’ talks and also help the students to improve their cultural awareness.
c. Definition of Video
There are many definitions of video stated by the experts. Richards and Renandya 2002:364 states that video is an extremely dense medium, one which
incorporates a wide variety of visual elements and a great range of audio experiences in addition to spoken language. They also stated that a video contains
not only words but visual elements, sound effects, and music that provide essential evidence on behavior, characters, and contexts which are not usually in
the script. Video is such a rich resource for language learning since it brings leisure
and entertainment and can highly motivate the students in the classroom. It is related as what Arsyad 2002 said that video is moving pictures fitted out with
natural and appropriate sounds that portray real pictures and has attractive powers.
The attractive powers of the video here is the use of video in teaching and learning process to attract and engage students’ attention and motivation to learn
in the classroom. Besides that, Ikawati 2012 also states that video is an audio visual media
containing of motion pictures or images used to distribute message from sender to receiver. So, by using video the teacher can distribute the message especially the
materials to the students in the classroom.
d. The Types of Video
There are three basic types of video that can be used in the classroom as learning media. It is as what Harmer 2007:284 stated. The three basic types of
the video are: 1
Off-air Programs Off-air programs include the program recorders from a television channel
that can be engaging for students. The best programs are ones which can be used for a range of activities including prediction, teaching language,
cross- cultural awareness, or as stimuli for the students’ own creativity.
2 Real-world Video
It is a kind of video which deals with featured films, exercise manuals, wildlife documentaries, comedy, etc.
3 Language Learning Videos
Language learning video is free-standing video to accompany course book used in the classroom.
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