C. Participants of the Research
This research involved some participants who work collaboratively. They were the researcher who applied this action, the collaborators the English teacher
and the researcher’s friend from English Education study program of State University of Yogyakarta, and the students of class XI Science of SMA Angkasa
Adisutjipto in the academic year 20132014. The researcher chose this class because this class was the most suitable class for the researcher to conduct the
research according to the English teacher of the school.
D. Research Instrument
In this research, the researcher took a part as an observer to collect the data and also the one who implemented the action. The collaborators were the English
teacher and some of the researcher’s friends from English Education Department of State University of Yogyakarta. While the researcher implemented the action,
the collaborators acted out as the observer to observe the researcher action. Meanwhile, in order to gain the qualified data, the data were collected by
using observation checklist, interview guidelines, and a speaking rubric. 1.
Observation Checklist The aim of observation checklist was to enable the observer to record
behaviors during sessions of the research quickly, and accurately. 2.
Interview Guidelines By using interview guidelines, the researcher listed some questions or
issues to be explored during the interview. It helped the researcher to conduct the interview systematically.
3. Speaking Rubric
Speaking rubric was used to assess and collect the data about students’ speaking ability. The rubric focused on five aspects of
speaking such as: fluency, accuracy, vocabulary, pronunciation, and comprehension.
In addition, the researcher also used camera and recorder to take some pictures and record the data. Moreover, the researcher also used
pre-test and posttest to support the data.
E. Techniques of Collecting Data
The data of the research were qualitative and also quantitative. The qualitative data were obtained through observation, interview, and documentation
related to teaching and learning process of speaking classroom. 1
Observations Observations were used to discover valuable information related to the
teaching and learning process. The information here was related to the students’ speaking ability, the students’ involvement during the lesson,
the students’ understanding of the given materials, the techniques and methods used by the teacher, and also the media used in teaching and
learning process. The result of the observations was in the form of field note.
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