246 SPECIMENS EXAMINED. --- BORNEO: Kalimantan Timur: M Kato,
M. Okamoto, K.Ueda, E.B. Walujo B-7408; M Kato, M. Okamoto, K. Ueda E.B. Walujo B-7403; J. M.S. Clemens 28412; M. Kato, M. Okamoto E.
B.Walujo B-10908; M. Kato, M. Okamoto E. B.Walujo B-10922; M. Kato, M. Okamoto E. B.Walujo B-9804; M. Kato H. Wiriadinata B-4811.
46. Diplazium polypodioides Blume
Diplazium polypodioides Blume, En. Pl. Jav.: 194. 1828; Holtt., Gard.
Bull. S.S. 11: 93. 1940. Diplazium asperum Blume, En. Pl. Jav.: 195. 1828. Diplazium ophiodontum
Copel. C.Chr., Index Filicum Suppl. III, 75. 1934. Athyrium ophiodontum Copel.; Phil. Journ. Sci., 46: 214. 1931. --- TYPE:
M. Ramos Bur. Sci. No. 77188 isotype, SING, Penablanca Cagayan Province, Luzon.
Diplazium polypodioides Bl., Pl. Jav.: 194. 1928; Backer Posth.,
Varenfl. Java: 130. 1939; Holtt., Gard. Bull. S.S. 11: 93. 1940. D. asperum
Bl., Pl. Jav. 195: 1828. –Athyrium asperum Bl. Milde, Bot. Zeit.: 353. 1870; Holtt., Rev. Fl. Malaya 2: 571. f. 320. 1966.
Athyrium blumei Bergsmann Copel., Fern Fl. Philip. 3: 396. 1960.
Rhizome stout, erect, to about 10 cm diam., 15 cm cm hight, scales like on stipes. Stipe stout, about 9 mm dian near base, 36=110 cm long, densely scaly
near base, surface prickly; scales narrowly linier, 20-50 by 1-2 mm, thick, dark brown, black and toothed at margin. Lamina bipinnate-tripinnatifid, ovate-
subdeltoid in outline, 50-156 cm long, to about 70 cm wide; pinnae 21-60 cm long, 11-17 cm wide, narrowed oblong subtriangular, shortly stalked, with 13-26
pairs of pinnules below deltoid lobed apex of pinna; largest pinnuler 6.5-16.5 by 1.2-2.1 cm, oblong with acuminate apex, base subtruncate, sessile or lowest
shortly stalked, margin deeply lobed near costules; lobes oblong to subquadrangular, oblique, rounded to obtuse at apex, sharply serrate, 6-15 mm
long, 2-5 mm wide; texture papyraceous, dark green, paler beneath; veins pinnate in each lobe, veinlets 5-11 pairs, usually simple, sometimes once forked. Sori
247 usually on almost all veinlets, from base half-way or more close to margin, basal
veinlet sometimes diplazioid; indusia thin, persistent. SPORES. Monolete, bilaterally symmetrical made asymmetric by
perine, heteropalar; polar ouline excluding perine transversely elliptical, sides convex; equatorial longitudinal view plano-convex to concave-convex; equatorial
tranverse view, proximal view planar to concave, distal view convex; perinate. Size: E: 34.3639.6343.17± 2.33, P: 16.3122.9227.43±2.97. Laesura: concealed
by wing- like perine. Perine: costate-alate, loosely reticulate; irregular envelope separated from exine surround the spore with costae forming loose irregular
reticulation or wing-like muri, reticulation often incomplete, lacunae large irregular polygons, 3-9 µ m across; wing-like muri project 1-7µm, terminating
margins entire; surface or perine smooth under SEM. ANATOMY. Vascular bundle form uninterrupted U-shaped with an angle
105º, base and angle ridges on both inward and outward directions, end develops large ridges and grooves becomes somewhat W-shape.
CHROMOSOMES. 2n = 82 Cytotype: T.Ng. Praptosuwiryo 1647, BO. DISTRIBUTION. Assam, Sri Langka, SW China, Taiwan, throughout
Malesia. ECOLOGY. On moist ground, humus rich soil in shadowed places in
mountain slopes forest elevation 200-1900 m sea level. VERNACULAR NAMES. Pakis benik Bengkulu.
USES. Young fronds of this species are sold in the local marked of Sumatra as vegetables.
SPECIMENS EXAMINED --- JAVA: Alston 12671; Backer 8898; 9185, 9812 bit, 9847, 10242, 10412, 10494, 12024, 13204, 12906, 14158, 16043,
16231, 18447, 18621; Backer Posthumus 44, 91, 122, 207, 258, 541; Bakhuizen vd Brink 88, 2011, 2530, 3252, 5677; Beguin 12, s.n. 5-1927;
Clason s.n. 27-5-1931, F101, F97, K173; Blume s.n., Clason-Laarman K142, K162; Dillerogn 707; Donk 355, 357, 602; Groenhart s.n. Malang; Hallier s.n.
23-11-1894, 682, 685; Heurn s.n. 7-1935; Kern 8459; Koorders 15442B, 22881B, 41113B, 41164B, 43738B; Laarman K169; Posthumus 1460a, 1666;
Popta 84, 94; D.R. Pleyte 32; T.Ng. Praptosuwiryo 533, 536, 549, 605, 609, 703,
248 711, 714, 755, 763, 1391, 1581, 1582, 1583, 1599, 1605, 1606, 1612, 1613, 1617,
1623, 1640, 1651, 1339; Raciborski s.n. Telaga Warna, s.n. Kota Batu, s.n. Mt. Guntur; Rumka s.n. 18-11-1829; Sapiin 2677; Scheffer s.n. 3-9-1870;
Schiffner s.n. 27-2-1894, s.n. 5-1-1894; Ciets 12; Vriese s.n. 5-5-1926; Winckel 1248B, 1281B, 1413B, 1422B; Wisse 627. --- SUMATRA: P. Buwalda
6340; Dr. P. Buwalda 6340. --- MALAY PENINSULA: Md Nur SFN 32937, King F90, King 10849; Ridley 14206; A.G. Piggott 26; Md Nur SFN 11515; R.E.
Holttum SFN 9770. SUMATRA: T.Ng. Praptosuwiryo 2242. NOTES. I justify Athyrium ophiodontum Copel. as new synonym of D.
polypodioides Bl. The size of the middle pinnae, 11 x 3 cm, is slightly larger than
that recorded for D. polypodioides in Holttum 1940. Otherwise there is no differences between the Philippine specimen and the materials from BO and
SING.
47. Diplazium porphyrorachis Baker Diels
