285 presumed to be closely related are in the same tereminal clade. The same
depiction was also showed in the clade that containing D. malaccense,D. sorzogonense
and D. tricholepis, and ‘D. porphyrachis group’. It is indicate that morphological data of Diplazium contain phylogenetic signal although many
characters are polymorphic and homoplastic. Backer et al 1998 stated that morphological datasets contain more phylogenetic signal per characters and can
swamp much larger molecular datasets. Therefore, study that include more morphological characters from living materials as well as anatomical characters,
such as stipe or rachis, would give an inferred phylogenetic tree with strong statically support. As showed at Chapter 4, anatomical characters of stipe give an
indication that the closely related species are showing the similar anatomical characters.
Knowing the status of species, whether originally hybrid or not, that will be included in the phylogenetic analysis of Diplazium is important as many
species of Diplazium are apogamous and they are presumed to be originally hybrids. Because if hybridization has occurred among the species of a taxon
under cladistic analysis the results are varied. Hybridization results in incongruent intersecting data that obscure the underlying hiearachy Funk 1985. All
hyphotheses regarding hybrids identification of course must be corroborated by chromosomal, distributional, and ecological data. Therefore some species of
Diplazium that presumed to be originally hybrids based on result of this, such as
D. procumbens, D. subvirescens , and D. asymmetricum, should be confirmed in
the future study.
10.3. Systematic Implications for the Genus Diplazium
It is too premature to propose a systematic frame within the genus Diplazium
because: 1 The most parsimonious tree generated from morphological data is not supported by the objective statistical arguments; 2 Phylogenetic tree
generated from gene rbcL sequences data has not given robust phylogentic tree as most of the key species inferred from morphological tree are not included in
analysing; 3 Phylogenetic analysis on data sets combining both molecular and non molecular for inferring the phylogeny of Diplazium has not been conducted
286 yet due to the incomplete data on many taxa the gene rbcL sequences data are
only provided on 29 species of the 69 West Malesian species. However, this results of this study is interesting because it shows that some clades generated
from morphological data are congruence with those generated from gene rbcL sequence data, such as the separation of D. porphyrorachis from the other species
of Diplazium and the consistency of some species that included in the terminal clades of both morphological tree and gene rbcL tree.
292
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