B. Descriptive Text
1. The Definition of Descriptive Text
There are many kinds of reading text; descriptive, recount, narrative, report, procedure, explanation, argumentative, persuasive, exposition and many
others. one of genres that Junior High School students learnt is Descriptive Text. Based on Competency Standard Standar Kompetensi and Basic Competency
Kompetensi Dasar, in the first semester the students are expected to be able to understand and respond meaningful written texts in term of functional written text
and simple short essay in the form descriptive and recount text interact with people in the nearest enviroment.
Standar Kompetensi Kompetensi Dasar
Membaca
1. Memahami makna teks tulis
fungsional dan esei pendek sangat sederhana berbentuk descriptive dan
procedure yang berkaitan dengan lingkungan terdekat
1.1 Merespon makna yang terdapat dalam teks tulis pendek sangat
sederhana secara akurat, lancar dan
berterima yang
berkaitan dengan lingkungan terdekat.
1.2 Merespon makna dan langkah retorika secara akurat, lancar dan
berterima yang berkaitan dengan lingkungan terdekat dalam teks
berbentuk descriptive dan procedure 1.3 Membaca nyaring bermakna teks
funsional dan esei pendek dan sangat
sederhana berbentuk
descriptive dan prosedure dengan ucapan, tekanan dan intonasi yang
berterima
Table 2.1 KTSP competences
From the table above, students at the eighth grade of junior high school may have ability to understand desriptive text. In general, people usully describe a
thing in their life about what they see, hear, touch, and taste. In other words, description is a process of describing about something that people feel by using
their five sensory sense, it may be what people see like someone physical description, place or thing; what people taste like food and drink; what people
hear like music, sound or noise; what people smell both good smell or bad smell like aroma of parfume or scent of rubbish; then what people touch like soft or
coarse thing. According to Mark Anderson and Kathy Anderson , a factual description describes the part of a particular person, place or thing.
12
According to Siahaan and Shinoda, descriptive text is a written English text which describes an object. The object can be abstract or concrete object. It can be
a person, or animal, or tree or a house or camping and the other topics.
13
Based on description above, descriptive is a text that describe concrete or abstract object
based on fact. In addition, Adjectives are used to describe the characteristic of the object in order to give factual image to the reader.
On the other hand, Buscemi and Smith stated that description makes for diversity. The people, place and thing described in the six selection that follow
vary as widely as the distinctive style and perpectives of their author. Nonetheless, each essay is a potrait sketch in details that are at once concrete, specific, and
vivid.
14
Based on that, description is a way of picturing images verbally in speech or writing. Here, the
writer may illustrate that the word ―drug‖ to an eldery person suffering the pains of age related disease is positive, but to parents with a son
hooked on hero in, the word ―drug‖ is negative. Denotative language, on the other
hand, means word that don‘t carry any emotional overtones or value judgments.
12
Mark Anderson and Kathy Anderson, Text Types in English 3 Sydney: Macmillan, 2003, p.26
13
SanggamSiahaan and KhisnoShinoda, Generic Text Structure, Yogyakarta: GrahaIlmu, 2008, p. 89
14
Santi V. Buscemi and Charlotte Smith, 75 Reading Plus 8 ed, New York: McGraw- Hill, 2007, p.37
Kategori