Reader Purpose in Reading

From the table above, students at the eighth grade of junior high school may have ability to understand desriptive text. In general, people usully describe a thing in their life about what they see, hear, touch, and taste. In other words, description is a process of describing about something that people feel by using their five sensory sense, it may be what people see like someone physical description, place or thing; what people taste like food and drink; what people hear like music, sound or noise; what people smell both good smell or bad smell like aroma of parfume or scent of rubbish; then what people touch like soft or coarse thing. According to Mark Anderson and Kathy Anderson , a factual description describes the part of a particular person, place or thing. 12 According to Siahaan and Shinoda, descriptive text is a written English text which describes an object. The object can be abstract or concrete object. It can be a person, or animal, or tree or a house or camping and the other topics. 13 Based on description above, descriptive is a text that describe concrete or abstract object based on fact. In addition, Adjectives are used to describe the characteristic of the object in order to give factual image to the reader. On the other hand, Buscemi and Smith stated that description makes for diversity. The people, place and thing described in the six selection that follow vary as widely as the distinctive style and perpectives of their author. Nonetheless, each essay is a potrait sketch in details that are at once concrete, specific, and vivid. 14 Based on that, description is a way of picturing images verbally in speech or writing. Here, the writer may illustrate that the word ―drug‖ to an eldery person suffering the pains of age related disease is positive, but to parents with a son hooked on hero in, the word ―drug‖ is negative. Denotative language, on the other hand, means word that don‘t carry any emotional overtones or value judgments. 12 Mark Anderson and Kathy Anderson, Text Types in English 3 Sydney: Macmillan, 2003, p.26 13 SanggamSiahaan and KhisnoShinoda, Generic Text Structure, Yogyakarta: GrahaIlmu, 2008, p. 89 14 Santi V. Buscemi and Charlotte Smith, 75 Reading Plus 8 ed, New York: McGraw- Hill, 2007, p.37 Morover, describing may be delivered both in speaking and in oral form. The form of writing developed by details is a descriptive writing. In this writing, the writer has to write the description of something or someone or a place which contains clear information as real as possible. It helps readers easy to imagine what the text tells about. It means that readers are forming the details description of subject matter so as to become real to them. Based on the explanation above, descriptive text is a description of someone, place, or thing that is described into sentences. it includes details as real as possible which make the reader easy to conceive what the text is being described.

2. The Purposes of Descriptive Text

Each text has different purpose including descriptive text. Generally, the purpose of descriptive text is to present description of a person, a place, or an object for the readers. Dietsch stated that description has three general purposes like to; 1 create imagery, a mood, or an aura of a place; 2 stimulate understanding and convince; and 3 argue the listeners to action. 15 in other words, it may be said that descriptive texts are to inform the specific featutres of the subject. For instance there is a pictures of actress wearing red long – dress, her hair is curly and black, she gets a beautiful silver necklace and bracelet, she also wears black wedges. In short, the proposes may guide emotional expression of readers by describing details that create dominant impression of readers‘ imagination.

3. The General Structures of Descriptive Text

An effective descriptive has several signifimayt characteristics which may be used as to guide your reading descriptive text. Generally, there are two general structures in descriptive text; introduction and description. In Introduction, the 15 Betty Mattix Dietsch, Reasoning Writing Well 4ed, New York: McGraw-Hill, 2006, p. 140