Morover, describing may be delivered both in speaking and in oral form. The form of writing developed by details is a descriptive writing. In this writing,
the writer has to write the description of something or someone or a place which contains clear information as real as possible. It helps readers easy to imagine
what the text tells about. It means that readers are forming the details description of subject matter so as to become real to them.
Based on the explanation above, descriptive text is a description of someone, place, or thing that is described into sentences. it includes details as real
as possible which make the reader easy to conceive what the text is being described.
2. The Purposes of Descriptive Text
Each text has different purpose including descriptive text. Generally, the purpose of descriptive text is to present description of a person, a place, or an
object for the readers. Dietsch stated that description has three general purposes like to; 1 create imagery, a mood, or an aura of a place; 2 stimulate
understanding and convince; and 3 argue the listeners to action.
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in other words, it may be said that descriptive texts are to inform the specific featutres of the
subject. For instance there is a pictures of actress wearing red long – dress, her
hair is curly and black, she gets a beautiful silver necklace and bracelet, she also wears black wedges. In short, the proposes may guide emotional expression of
readers by describing details that create dominant impression of readers‘
imagination.
3. The General Structures of Descriptive Text
An effective descriptive has several signifimayt characteristics which may be used as to guide your reading descriptive text. Generally, there are two general
structures in descriptive text; introduction and description. In Introduction, the
15
Betty Mattix Dietsch, Reasoning Writing Well 4ed, New York: McGraw-Hill, 2006, p. 140
writer introduces the object then describe the feature of the object in the description part.
Furthermore, to give more explanation, the Andersons stated that a typical description has an opening paragraph introducing the subject of the description,
followed by a series of paragraphs each describing one feature of the subject. There may also be a final concluding section that signals the end of descri
ption‖.
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In other word, descriptive text consists of two general structures: 1 Identification is introduction part that introduce the object briefly, and 2 description is
explaining part that describe the features of the object one by one.
4. Grammatical Features of Description Text
Descriptive text also has gramatical features that may be characteristic of other text. As the explanation above, in the desriptive text, the writer may describe
not only person but also place and thing to give information and imaginary to readers. According to Buscemi, the grammatical features of descriptive text has
two types; a describing place and thing, those use concrete and proper noun, effective verb including specific details. b describing people it uses not only
physical appearence, action, behaviour but also the writer asking someone about the subject‘s personality, lifestyle, morals, description, and so on.
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On the other hand, Siahaan and Shinoda said that the language features of descriptive are:
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a. Focus on specific participant. The object that is described is specific, in order to give real image to the reader about the object.
b. Use of attributive and identifying processes. c. Frequent use of adjectives and classifiers in nominal group. The adjective is
used in order to give the reader clear image about the object when they read a text, it can be situation, the characteristic, and the personalities.
16
Mark Anderson and Kathy Anderson, Text Types in English 3 Sydney: Macmillan, 2003, p.26.
17
Santi V. Buscemi, A reader for developing Writer, Fifth Edition New York:McGraw- Hill,2002, p. 263-264, 267.
18
Siahaan,op. Cit., p. 89.
