c. Post-listening The teacher tells learners to write a resume of the main points, then
compare it with their friend and check if they have all the main points.
8
Moreover, Miles Craven also adding the importance of the variety in different listening sources of listening material offers the more joy in teaching and
learning listening. Game can be used as a way in teaching and learning listening in a fun way to reinforce listening skill.
B. Game
1. Definition of Game
People play and enjoy the game most of the time, but they do not know the meaning of the game itself. They think that the game is only the game which does
not have meaning inside it. It is not true, linguists have defined the meaning of the game is. Here, some of the definitions from linguists are:
According to Andrew Wright, David Betteridge and Michael Buckby, “game means an activity which is entertaining and engaging, often challenging,
and an activity in which the learners play and usually interact with others. ”
9
In line with that, Rita Susana Larcabal states “games provide an enjoyable
atmosphere, a situation in which communication is essential and a distraction from the study of language itself.
”
10
Jill Hadfield also defines “a game is an
activity with rules, a goal, and an element of fun. ”
11
And Byrne points out that “game as a form of play governed by rules.
They should be enjoyed and fun. They are not just a diversion, a break from routine activities, but a way of getting the learner to use the language in the course
8
Miles Craven,
How to
Teach Listening
Skill, http:www.onestopenglish.comskillslisteningteaching-tipshow-to-teach-listeninglistening-
skills-top-tips146219.article , Accessed on February 3
th
, 2016.
9
Andrew Wright, David Betteridge, and Michael Buckby, Games for Langugae LearningThird Edition, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2006, p. 1.
9
Rita Susana Larcabal, The Role of Game in Language Acquisition, Washington D.C: English Teaching Forum, 1992, p. 28.
11
Jill Hadfield, Elementary Communication Games, Essex: Longman, 1996, p. 4.
of the game. ”
12
From the explanation given above, it can be seen that game is an interesting activity contains rules and a goal that can be used as an educational
tool to use the language which full of joy and as a way to interact with others in learning.
2. Benefits of Using Game
People think that game only uses as an ice breaking to warm up the students
’ condition before learning whereas game contains the benefits inside it to make the students learning by doing more meaningful. The benefits of using game
in language-learning according to Chen can be summed up in nine points are: a. Learner centered.
b. Promote communicative competence. c. Create a meaningful context for language use.
d. Increase learning motivation. e. Reduce learning anxiety.
f.
Integrate various linguistic skills. g. Encourage creative and spontaneous use of language.
h. Construct a cooperative learning environment. i.
Foster participatory attitudes of the students.
13
Then Lee Su Kim mentions six advantages of using game in language teaching are:
a. Game is a welcome break from the usual routine of the language class. b. They are motivating and challenging.
c. Learning a language requires a great deal of effort. Games help students to
make and sustain effort of learning. d. Games provide language practice in the various skills- speaking, writing,
listening and reading. e. They encourage students to interact and communicate.
f. They create a meaningful context for language use.
14
Jill Hadfield adding that “games as an integral part of any language
syllabus provides an opportunity for intensive language practice, offers a context
12
Valeh Valipour and Nader Assad i Aidinlou, “The Effect of Language Games on
Learning English Listening-Speaking Skills of Iranian Pre- school Students”, Indian Journal of
Fundamental and Applied Life Sciences, 4:647, Iran, April-June 2014, pp. 647--650.
12
Chen, Using Games to Promote Communicative Skills in Language Learning, http:iteslj.orgTechniquesChen-Games.htm l
, Accessed on February 3
th
, 2016.
14
Lee Su Kim, “Creative Games For The Language Class”, English Teaching Forum, 33:35, Kuala Lumpur, January-March 1995, p. 35.
