from the total class, i.e. VIII A. There are thirty students. They are all in beginner level. Their age is around 13 up to 14 years old.
Most of them are from Magelang and they are native speaker of Javanese and Indonesia. They learn English as a foreign language. Their English abilities are
not really good, especially in writing, because they have less opportunity in practicing English. They only learn English at school and they do not use English
to communicate in their daily life.
D. Data Collecting
a. Data Collecting Techniques
The data collected were qualitative in nature. However, the researcher used several data collection techniques for both qualitative and quantitative data. She
used observations, tests pretest and posttest and interviews to collect data. Observations and interviews were conducted to gain qualitative data. While
students’ writing scores in the pretest and posttest were used to gain quantitative data.
b. Instruments
There were three types of research instruments used in this research. They were namely observation checklist, tests, and interview guidelines.
An observation checklist was prepared by the researcher before the observation. The observation was conducted in each meeting of the teaching and
learning process by the collaborator as the observer. She observed all activities done in the process of teaching and learning writing skills through guided writing.
Observation checklist was used to gather data on students’ behavior, response,
interaction, and motivation. Based on the result of the observation, the researcher made field notes.
There were two kinds of tests that were used by the researcher. They were pretest and posttest. The pretest was conducted in the reconnaissance stage. Its
aim was to identify students’ writing skills. The posttest was conducted in the end
of each cycle. Its aim was to measure their writing skills after getting the treatment from her.
She also conducted interviews at the beginning of reconnaissance stage and the end of each cycle. She used guided interview. The aim of guided interview is
to enable the researcher to make some kinds of comparison across the participants’ responses, but also to allow for individual diversity and flexibility
Burns, 2010:75. She interviewed both the teacher and students about the way she implemented the technique, the benefits they get, and the problems they faced.
E. Data Analysis
There were two kinds of data that the researcher got. They were in the form of qualitative and quantitative data. The two data were analyzed in the different
ways. All the data were interpreted and analyzed by her. She analyzed the process of teaching and learning writing skills through
guided writing by analyzing the data taken from the observation and interviews. The field notes and interview transcripts were analyzed qualitatively. According
to Burns 1999 in Burns 2010: 104-105 there are some useful steps can be followed to get an overall framework for the analysis. She followed steps
proposed by Burns: 1 assembling the data and to reread it again, 2 coding the
