their behavior. Research by Jess and Gregory 2009 revealed that “personality is
a pattern of relatively permanent traits and unique characteristics that give both consistency and individual to a person‟s behavior” p. 4.
Sometimes, personality is complicated. Some people may have two or more personalities. This situation occurs to few people. When people are facing a
threatening situation, they are able to show certain personality based on the situation happen in order to defend themselves. This personality influences
people‟s behavior which motivates them to make actions in reality. Behavior and motivation cannot be separated because “motivation theorists start with the
assumption that, for every behavior, there is a cause. In addition, motivation also studies what instigates behavior
” E. Franken, 2002, p. 3. Human personality can motivate someone to murder because of a
particular reason and background. This situation can be seen in a fiction novel written by Ferit Orhan Pamuk entitle My Name Is Red. In this novel, there is a
character named Olive. He is a great miniaturist. He is a kind and friendly person but in a threatening and certain situation he can change his attitude to be an evil.
Olive is audacious to kill others including his best friend. Based on this situation, the writer wants to reveal the personality traits of Olive and Olive‟s motivation to
murder.
B. Problem Formulation
This study discusses two questions found in the novel, as follows: 1.
How is the personality of Olive, the murderer, described in Orhan Pamuk‟s My Name Is Red?
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2. What are Olive‟s motivations to murder Elegant Effendi and Enishte Effendi?
C. Objectives of the Study
The purpose of this study is to answer the questions stated in problem formulation. The first one is to answer Olive‟s personality described in the novel.
The second one is to answer Olive motivations to murder Elegant Effendi and Enishte Effendi. Those two questions are closely related to each other. Basically,
the first problem formulation helps the writer to find out the answer of the second one.
D. Benefits of the Study
The benefits of this study are to give perspective to the readers especially for students of English Education Study Program to learn more about literature by
finding human personality of a character in the novel. The writer also learns a lot about the theories of personality. The writer gets knowledge related to the
character of human being that influences their behavior in their life. The writer also learns about human motivation and its theories. From this study, the writer
finds out that life is a matter of control and choice. The murderer character in this novel has killed two people, his senior and his best friend, because he cannot
control himself and choose the wrong decision. This study also can be an authentic material for the teacher in teaching reading by taking some parts of this
study as references.
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E. Definition of Terms
To avoid misunderstanding, the terms that are important in this study are stated in the following:
The first is personality. There are some definitions of personality from some psychologist.
Guilford revealed that personality is “a person‟s unique pattern of traits” as cited in Mischel, 1981, p. 2. In addition, S. William 1981
revealed that p ersonality is “the dynamic organization within the individual of
those psychological systems that determine his characteristic behavior and thought” p. 3. In this study, personality can portray how Olive‟s behavior and
thoughts can influence and encourage him to murder. In the other hand, Worchel 1989 revealed that p
ersonality is also a pattern of human‟s behavior that influences the way people adapt to the environment:
Personality is the unique set of behaviors including thoughts and emotions and enduring qualities that influence the way a person adjusts to
his or her environment. It makes people unique and causes them to act or see situations differently from anyone else” p. 461.
Based on the explanation above, the writer concludes that personality is a unique
behavior that includes thoughts and emotions which are able to guide people to act based on the situation happened. Olive is a unique person because he is different
from others. He has different behavior, thoughts, and emotions. This factors lead him to act based on the situation happened. In the threatening situation, Olive can
murder people because of his emotions and thoughts. The second is motivation. In 2000, Huffman, Vernoy, and Vernoy stated
that “Motivation refers to factor within and individual such as needs, desires, and interests that activate, maintain, and direct behavior toward a goal” p. 392. In
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this study, the motivation describes and explains Oliv e‟s need, desire, and interest
to reach his goal and to murder others. The third is murder. The word murder comes from the Latinate
“murdrum” Anonymous, 2011. The word murder means “the unlawful and intentional killing of one human being by another” “Encyclopedia”. In addition,
The New Oxford American Dictionary Second Edition 2005 revealed Murder, as a verb, means “kill somebody unlawfully and with premeditation” p. 1116. In
this study, murder refers to Olive action in order to control the situation and to battle for his own goal.
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6
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
