changes to another style. Olive also learns European style from Enishte. Consequently, he imitates what he has learned from Enishte in his painting. Olive
maintains this style, although Black totally disagrees.
i. Tricky
Murphy‟s theory of characterization stated that reactions of a person can portray the character p. 168. Olive is a tricky person. He makes tricks for saving
himself. He knows Elegant is greedy so that Olive offers money to him in order to shut his mouth up so that the rumor does not spread.
“Count of twelve steps and dig,” I said. “Then what will you do?”
“I‟ll explain it all to Enishte Effendi, and he‟ll burn the pictures. What other recourse is there? If one of Nusret Hoja‟s followers hears of such an
allegation, noting will remain of us or the book-arts workshop. Accept this money so that we can be certain
you won‟t inform on us.” 21 Olive hides behind the tree because he realizes that people are paying
attention to him. If he acts excessively, it creates curiosity among people there. He thinks some possibilities can happen. Therefore, he decides to act carefully “I hid
behind a plane tree until the funeral ended to avoid drawing more attention to myself.” 96.
Theory of defense mechanism is written by Freud can represent Oliv e‟s
personality. One of defense mechanisms which appropriately portray Olive‟s
personality is Fixation. It is a defense that is influenced by the process of psychologically growing up which full of stressful and anxious moments as cited
in Jess Gregory, 2009, p. 36. Olive makes strategy to shut Elegant‟s mouth up
by lying because he is anxious if the rumor is going to spread. On the other
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situation, Olive is afraid of taking another action because of his anxiety. His ego influences him to make strategy to stay in the comfortable place and
psychological stage by hiding behind the tree. Murphy stated that character of a person can be seen through what that
person says p. 164. Olive personality can be seen by his speech when he is attending Elegant‟s burial.
They threw cold, muddy earth onto the battered and disfigured corpse of ill-
fated Elegant Effendi and I wept more than any of them. I shouted, “I want to die with him” and “Let me share his grave” and they held me by
the waist so I wouldn‟t fall in. 96 Olive, the murderer, tries to convince all the people in the graveyard that he is also
sad knowing Elegant‟s death. He hides his guilty by giving a miserable speech so that people believe that he is a good friend, who is willing to die and share
Elegant‟s grave. He shouts wanting to die and accompanies Elegant in front of the people.
Freud‟s theory on defense mechanism particularly about reaction formation represents Olive‟s personality. According to Freud, reaction formation
means the true anxiety is hiding by showing fake feeling to defend ourselves as cited in Jess Gregory, 2009, p. 35. In truth, Olive is hiding his fear and guilty
feeling by giving miserable speech and act in order to convince people that he feels suffer from losing a friend. Therefore, people may think that Olive is
Elegant‟s best friend and it is impossible to accuse him as the murderer.
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B. Olive’s Motivation to murder
