d. Determined
Murphy‟s theory of characterization has stated that reactions of a person can portray the character p.
168. Through Olive‟s action, the writer concludes that he is a determined person. He always focuses on his project and tries to finish
it as well as he can. Ticking away, my windup clock told me it was evening. The prayers had
yet to be called, but long before, I‟d lit the candle resting beside my folding worktable. I quickly completed drawing an opium addict from
memory, having dipped my reed pen into black Hasan Pasha ink and skated it over well-burnished and beautifully sized paper, when I heard
that voice calling me out to the street as it did every night. I resisted. I was so determined not to go, but to stay at home and work, I even tried nailing
my door shut for a time. 120
This situation shows that Olive wants to focus on his work. He does not care what is happening outside his home and the time which is running. He does not want to
stop and keep trying to complete his drawing by staying permanently in his home. Adler‟s psychodynamic theory especially in individual psychology
mentions the striving for personal superiority. Adler has stated that this strive motive shows no concern to others as cited in Jess Gregory, 2009, p. 72. This
theory deals wi th Olive‟s personality as a determined person which portrays his
striving for personal superiority. Olive‟s striving is motivated by exaggerated feelings of his personal inferiority. Actually, he wants to complete his painting by
sitting permanently and painting in his house. Therefore, He does not pay attention to the time he has spent and the situation happened outside his house.
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e. Self-confident
Murphy‟s theory has stated that the character can be seen through the way the character speaks p. 164.
Olive‟s self-confident is seen through his speech while he is doing a conversation with Elegant Effendi. He explains that Enishte
Effendi trust him to draw a horse. „Listen,‟ Enishte Effendi said to me, „here, draw a horse of your own
imagination, right here.‟ For three days, like the great artist of old, I sketched hundreds of horses so I might come to know exactly what „a
horse of my own imagining‟ was. 20 Enishte Effendi is one of senior miniaturists in Istanbul. He is entrusted by Sultan
to make a secret book and its illustrations. He asks Olive to paint a horse. By having an experience of sketching horses like a great old master, Olive is exactly
sure that he has best imagination of a horse. Olive believes that what he thinks is definitely true. He is sure that the
competition is not really competition. It is only a trap to catch the murderer. As soon as I heard I was invited to make a horse, I knew this was no
competition: They wanted to cat ch me through my illustration. I‟m
perfectly aware that the horse sketches I‟d drawn on my rough paper were found on poor Elegant Effendi‟s body. But I have no fault or style by
which they might discover me through the horse I‟ve made. 279 Olive exact
ly knows that the horse he has drawn is found on Elegant Effendi‟s body but he believes that he has no style in his horse painting so that people do
not suspect him as a murderer and they are not going to catch him. Another Olive‟s self-confident is seen when he says to Butterfly, Stork,
and Black that he is the one who is able to understand European‟s tales and talents. He convinces all of them that he gets the point of what Enishte says about
their technique and style in painting. Olive says “Indeed, I was the one who most
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fully understood the tales and talents of the Europeans as her father recounted them to us” 399.
Sullivan‟s theory of personality focuses on interpersonal theory which discusses about me personifications. Good-
me personification “results the infants‟ experiences with reward and approval” as cited in Jess Gregory, 2009, p. 222.
Olive has good-me personification which means that Olive always feels he is the best and talented miniaturist in Istanbul. Good-me personification of Olive is the
result from his experiences as a miniaturist. Enisthe chooses him to work on his project. It becomes a reward for Olive so that he feels that he has great ability by
being chosen.
f. Prejudiced
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