Objective of the research Significance of the research

have obvious immediate practical uses, they quickly become part of the learners everyday English. Sometimes, productive vocabulary is called active vocabulary Nasr, 1972: 75. Harris 1969:48 argues that productive vocabulary is the words that the students should use in their speech and writing. Teachers can help this by giving the learners opportunities to practice using new vocabulary items in spoken communication. However, as students learn more and more words, they will find that many items seem less immediately useful and are perhaps only occasionally met within the context of reading or listening material. In relation to kinds of vocabulary, Nation 2008: 13-14 states that there are four kinds of vocabulary in a text, as follows: 1 High frequency words: These are almost 80 of the words in the text. 2 Academic words: These words make up about 9 of the running words in the text. 3 Technical words: These words make up about 5 of the running words in text. 4 Low frequency words: These are the words of moderate frequency that did not manage to get into high frequency list. These words make up about 5 of the words in an academic text. Therefore it can be concluded that vocabulary can be presented in four units. They are listening vocabulary, reading vocabulary, speaking vocabulary, and writing vocabulary. Reading vocabulary consists of the word found by people when they are reading. While listening vocabulary is the words that people hear and understand when they are talking to others or listening to radio and television. Speaking vocabulary includes the words people used in their daily life and conversation. The last is writing vocabulary that consists of the word people use in writing essays, reports, letter, etc.

c. Roles of Vocabulary

As Wilkins in Thornbury 2002:13 stated that without grammar very little can be conveyed, without vocabulary nothing can be conveyed. From this statement, it can be said that vocabulary is the most important part in learning English. Vocabulary should be learned previously before learning grammar which is the key of English. Vocabulary is the basic knowledge of English. Thornbury 2002: 14 states that vocabulary means a large of collection of items. Further, he adds that learning vocabulary is important because it enrich es someone’s knowledge of words. Furthermore, Cameron 2001: 72 believes that building a useful vocabulary is central to the learning of foreign language at primary level. Bromley 2004: 3-4 believes that vocabulary holds some important roles in teaching learning process as follows: