more exposure to the words. Wall charts is suitable for the school with simple facilities because it is simple yet interesting for the students and easy to make for
the teacher.
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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
In the previous chapter, the theories which are relevant to the research have been reviewed. This chapter is aimed to discuss about how the research was
conducted. This chapter consists of the type of the research, the setting of the research, the subjects of the research, the instruments of the research, the data and
technique of collecting data, the techniques of data analysis, the validity and reliability, and the procedure of the research. Each of them is reviewed as follows.
A. Type of the Research
This research study belongs to the field of action research. Action research is regarded as a research which aims at identifying problematic situation and
finding a deliberate way of solution to bring about changes and better improvements for the problems Burns, 2010: 2. It means that before
implementing the action research, the researcher needs to find any problems real found in the classroom and bring some changes after conducting the research. The
objective of this classroom action research was to find a way of improving the
vocabulary mastery of the class IV B students of SDN Gambiranom.
According to Burns 2010:5, Action Research AR is also a self- reflective, systematic and critical approach to enquiry by participants who are at
the same time members of the research community. This action research was conducted collaboratively with the school headmaster, the school management,
the classroom teacher, the English teacher, and the students of IV B. It was
performed by the researcher herself with the help of the collaborators. There were two collaborators who cooperated with the researcher in implementing the actions
of the research. The first collaborator was the researcher’s colleague who helped in observing the implementation of the action in the classroom and the second
collaborator was the English teacher of the class who helped in interpreting the
data. This research involved two cycles in the implementation. B.
Research Setting 1.
Place
The research was conducted at class IV B of SDN Gambiranom. This school is located in Manukan, Condongcatur, Depok, Sleman, D.I.
Yogyakarta. The school has six grades, in which each grade consists of two parallel classes. Therefore, the school has 12 classrooms. For grade IV, there
are 2 parallel classes IV A and IV B. Each class accommodates 30 students.
2. Time
This research was carried in the second semester of the academic year of 20152016. The research was conducted by considering the school
calendar, the English teacher’s schedule and the syllabus of English lesson which was taught in class IV B of SDN Gambiranom. Based on the schedule,
the English class was taught once a week, in which there were two hours for each meeting. It has 35 minutes in each meeting for an hour lesson. The
schedule of the implementation can be seen in the following table.
Table 1: The Research Schedule
No. DayDate Time
Material 1
Thursday, February 18
th
2016 07.00-08.10
Occupations and Jobs
2 Thursday, February 25
th
2016 07.00-08.10
Occupations and Jobs
3 Thursday, March 10
th
2016 07.00-08.10
Public Places 4
Thursday, March 17
th
2016 07.00-08.10
Public Places
3. Participants
The main subjects of this research were the students of class IV B of SDN Gambiranom in the academic year of 20152016. There are 30 students
in the classroom, consisting of 18 male students and 12 female students.
C. Data Collection
1. Types of The Data
The data obtained from the research are classified into two. They are qualitative and quantitative data. The qualitative data were in the forms of the
transcripts of the interview, observation checklists, field notes and the photographs. Such kinds of data were collected through class observation and
interview. Furthermore, the quantitative data were obtained from the vocabulary tests given to students during the research. The vocabulary tests
were in the forms of the pre-test conducted before the implementation of wall chart in the learning and the post-test after the implementation of wall chart in
the learning.
2. Data Collection Techniques
As it is stated before, the qualitative data in this research were obtained through observations and interviews and the quantitative data were obtained
through tests.
a. Classroom Observation
The classroom
observation was
conducted before
the implementation of the research to get information about
the students’ and teacher’s behavior during the teaching and learning process of English in
the classroom. Moreover, the first collaborator also conducted classroom observations during the implementation of the research when the
researcher replaced the En glish teacher’s to teach in the classroom. The
first collaborator observed and monitored the students’ behavior during the research.
b. Interview
The interview was first conducted with the English teacher to find out about the problems occurred during the English teaching and learning
process in the classroom. Furthermore, the students’ were also interviewed to know what the students’ felt and their opinion about the implementation
of the research. The interview was also conducted to find out the collaborat
or’s opinion and the obstacles found during the research. Other than that, it was done to look after the students’ progress and to look for
solution and suggestion for the next action.
c. Taking Photograph
During the implementation of the research, the researcher and the collaborator were taking pictures of the students’ activities as well as the
actions happened in the teaching and learning process. The photographs
can be supporting data to this research.
