Based on the theories above, it can be concluded that vocabulary is all words used in a particular language. Language is consisted of words to
make it meaningful. Vocabulary mastery is really important since it could be defined as the parameter of how people master the language.
Vocabulary mastery is very significant for the students, especially in mastering a foreign language. This research took grade IV students of
SD N Gambiranom as the subject and the English vocabulary mastery as the topic of the research. Vocabulary in this research is limited into set of
English words that should be taught in terms of public places and occupations.
b. Kinds of Vocabulary
There are many kinds of vocabulary according to some experts. Melka 1997: 84 stated that there are two kinds of vocabulary. They are
active or productive vocabulary and passive or receptive vocabulary. Active or productive vocabulary is the words that are used in writing or
speaking. They are words that are well-known, familiar and, used frequently. Passive or receptive vocabulary is the words we can
understand or recognize. It is the set of words for which an individual can assign meanings when listening or reading. These are words that are often
less well known to students and less frequent in use. According to Harris 1969:48, receptive vocabulary is the word
which is used in reading and writing skill. Then, Scrivener 1994:74 states that productive vocabulary is new words learned by students which
have obvious immediate practical uses, they quickly become part of the learners everyday English. Sometimes, productive vocabulary is called
active vocabulary Nasr, 1972: 75. Harris 1969:48 argues that productive vocabulary is the words
that the students should use in their speech and writing. Teachers can help this by giving the learners opportunities to practice using new vocabulary
items in spoken communication. However, as students learn more and more words, they will find that many items seem less immediately useful
and are perhaps only occasionally met within the context of reading or listening material.
In relation to kinds of vocabulary, Nation 2008: 13-14 states that there are four kinds of vocabulary in a text, as follows:
1 High frequency words: These are almost 80 of the words in the text.
2 Academic words: These words make up about 9 of the running words in the text.
3 Technical words: These words make up about 5 of the running words in text.
4 Low frequency words: These are the words of moderate frequency that did not manage to
get into high frequency list. These words make up about 5 of the words in an academic text.
