A. Conclusion
Based on the data analysis, the researcher findings are: 4. The students who taught using Community Language Learning have better
Speaking skill than those who are taught using Situational Language Teaching. In other words, Community Language Learning is more
effective than Situational Language Teaching for teaching speaking at the second grade Students of Nursing Department Stikes Bakti Tunas Husada
Tasikmalaya. 5. The students who have high self confidence have better speaking skill than
those who have low self-confidence at the second grade Students of Nursing Department Stikes Bakti Tunas Husada Tasikmalaya.
3. There is an interaction between teaching approaches and students’ self confidence that the effectiveness of an approach depends on the
psychological aspect of students. But further test shows that, compared to Situational Language Teaching, Community Language Learning is not
only effective for students with high self confidence, it is also more effective for students having low self confidence.
B. Implication and Suggestion
The following section discusses about the implication and suggestion of the research.
1. CLL is an effective method to teach speaking. perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
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Considering the first conclusion of this research, there are some implications and suggestions addressed to English Teachers, school, and
graduate students. a. English Teacher
The research finding implies that CLL can affect students’ speaking skill. It is so because Community language learning uses psychological
aspect which students consider as whole person. It mentions before that Whole person learning means that teachers consider not only their
students’ intellect, but also have some understanding of the relationship among students’ feelings, physical reactions, instinctive protective
reactions, and desire to learn. Since CLL is an effective teaching method to teaching speaking,
English teacher can implement this teaching method in the classroom. To be able to implement this method, teacher should follow some
preparation. First, teacher should understand the concept of the strengths and the weaknesses of this teaching method. They should know the
procedure of the teaching method properly. Second, analyze the syllabus to be able to design lesson plan covering the appropriate materials and
evaluation. And third, before implementing this teaching method teacher should read and learn from any other sources like journal article, book or
workshop.
b. School perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
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By knowing that CLL is an effective method, the school should facilitate and support the English teachers by providing them with many
sources deal with the procedure of the method. c. graduate school students
For graduate school students who are interested in conducting the research in more detail to know the effect of community language
learning in teaching speaking, the writer hopes that these research findings can be used as starting point and also as a reference for the
future research. 2. Students having high self-confidence have better speaking skill than
those having low self-confidence. a. English Teacher
Self-confidence plays an important role for students to achieve their succeed in learning process. The teacher should encourage the
students as their client and understand what they feel and they need. b. Student
Having the knowledge of their own self-confidence level is very important. By knowing their level of self-confidence, students can be
easily motivated and get higher achievement of speaking. c. Environment
A good high self-confidence is the foundation for the positive development of a child. It is also has better chance to reach hiss full
potential. He will enjoy learn new things and try new activities. From perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
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that reason, school environment is very important to improve students’ self-confidence.
3. There is an interaction between teaching methods and student’s level of self-confidence.
Based on the last conclusion, the researcher describes the implication and suggestion for English teacher, school, and other researchers.
a. English teacher In teaching speaking, teacher should be able to select the most
appropriate teaching method based on students’ condition. Self- confidence becomes one of the important psychological aspects in
teaching speaking because students with high self-confidence are brave to speak. Thus, teacher should understand whether the selected teaching
method can facilitate the students having high and low self-confidence to practice their speaking.
b. School School as the official institution should involve and pay more
attention on students’ self-confidence. Since self-confidence is regarded as one of psychological aspects to have a good speaking skill and any
other subjects. c. Other researchers
other researchers are also supposed to conduct such kind of research to know the effectiveness of community language learning
viewed from other psychological aspect such as: creativity, risk-taking, perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
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anxiety and so on or use this approach to teach other English skill such as reading, writing and listening. They may also make some expansion
on the number of sample with the hope that the further result of the research can support and complete this research.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
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Anthony, Robert. 2003. The Ultimate Secrets of Total Self-Confidence. Brisbane: Total Success Publishing.
Ary, Donald et.al. 2010. Introduction to Research in Education. California. Nelson Education, Ltd.
Boonkit, Kamonpan. 2010. Enhancing the development of speaking skills for non-native speakers of English. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences 2. 1305–1309.
Brown. H. Douglas. 2007. Principles of Language Learning and Teaching. New Jersey: Prentice Hall Inc.
_________.2004. Language Assessment: Principles and Classroom Practice. New York: Pearson Education, Inc.
_________.2001. Teaching by Principles: An Interactive Approach to Language Pedagogy, Second Edition. New York: Addison Wesley Longman. Inc.
Chimombo, Moira .1993.Counseling-LearningCommunity Language Learning A Method of Learner Directed Language Teaching. Southern African
Journal of Applied Language Studies.
Fraenkle, E. Jack and Wallen, E Norman. 1993. How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education: Mc. Graw Hill International Edition.
Hatch, E., and Anne Lazarton. 1991. The Research Manual: Design Statistics for Applied Linguistics. California: Heinle and Heinle Publishers.
Harris, David P. 1968. Testing English as a Second Language. New York: McGraw Hill.
Harmer, Jeremy. 2007. The Practice of English Language Teaching. England: Pearson Education Limited
Hughes, Arthur. 2004. Testing for Language Teachers. United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press.
Hull V. Philip. 1984. Community Language Learning: Is a Method?. RECL Journal.
Hutchinson, T., and A. Waters. 1987. English for Specific Purposes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Koba, et al. 2000. Using the Community Language Learning Approach to Cope with Language Anxiety. TESL Journal.
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Krueger, Pat.2007.
Factors Influencing
Self Confidence.
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La Forge, Paul. 1971. Community language Learning : A Pilot Study. Http: http:onlinelibrary.wiley.comdoi10.1111j.1467-
1770.1971.tb00489.xabstract .
________. 1979. The Epigenetic Principle in Community Language Learning. JALT Journal - Issue 1.1; November 1979
Larsen, Diane., and Freeman.2000. Techniques and Principles in Language Teaching. New York: Oxford University Press.
Littlewood, William. 1981. Communicative Language Teaching,
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Maley, Alan.
2009. Methodology:
Community Language
Learning. http:www.onestopenglish.comsupport?metodology-community-
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Nagaraj, P. 2009. Application of Community Language Learning for Effective Teaching. ISSN 0974-8741 MJAL.
Nunan, David. 2000. Language Teaching Methodology: A textbook for teachers.Essex: Pearson Education.
Parker, Ray. 1991. Two Case Studies of Community Language Learning with Possible Implications for the Natural Order Hypothesis. TESOL
Centre, Sheffield City Polytechnic.
Preston, David Lawrence. 2001. 365 Steps to Self-Confidence. United Kingdom: How To Books Ltd.
Richards, Jack C., and Rodgers, Theodore S. 2001. Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching, Second Edition. Melbourne: Cambridge University
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Routledge.2011. Promoting Community Language Learning in the United Kingdom. Language Learning Journal.
Shannon, John.1994. Experimenting with a Community Language Learning Principle in an English as a Second Language Writing Class. TESL
Canada Journal. perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
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Taylor, Linda. 2003. The Cambridge approach to speaking assessment. Research Notes. Retrieved from:
http:www.CambridgeESOL.orgresearchnotes
Thomas, Mathew.
2011.The Path
to Inner
Self-Confidence. www.outofstress.comconfidence-the-path-to-inner-self
Thornbury, Scott.2005. How to Teach Speaking. Endinburgh: Longman Limited. Wright,
H. Judy.
2007. Characteristics
of High
Self-Confidence. http:www.selfgrowth.comarticlesCharacteristics_of_High_Self_Conf
idence.htmlCharacteristics Of High Self Confidence
Appendix 1.1 : The Syllabus of Community Language Learning
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SILABUS BAHASA INGGRIS KEPERAWATAN STIKES BAKTI TUNAS HUSADA 20112012
Nama Sekolah : Stikes Bakti Tunas Husada
Program Studi : Keperawatan
Mata Kuliah : English for Nursing
Jumlah SKS : 2 SKS
Kelas Semester : 2 4
Dosen : Ratu Sarah. PS, S.Pd.
I. DESKRIPSI MATA KULIAH
Mata kuliah ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan kemampuan komunikasi siswa yang berkaitan dengan pelayanan medis. Ini adalah jenis
keterampilan yang terintegrasi yang menggabungkan speaking, listening, reading dan writing termasuk aspek tata bahasa dan kosa kata yang
berhubungan dengan bidang medis. Setelah menyelesaikan mata kuliah ini, mahasiswa
diharapkan memiliki kemampuan
yang baik untuk berkomunikasi dalam bahasa Inggris untuk penggunaan komunikasi
keperawatan. Kegiatan
kelas lebih menekankan
kemandirian dan partisipasi aktif dari mahasiswa.
II. STANDAR KOMPETENSI MATA KULIAH
Tujuan dari mata kuliah ini untuk mengaktifkan mahasiswa untuk: 1. Mengungkapkan makna formal dan informal dalam teks percakapan
transactional dan interpersonal dan berlanjut sustained untuk berkomunikasi dalam
konteks bahasa Inggris untuk kegiatan keperawatan
2. Memahami makna dalam teks percakapn
transactional dan
interpersonal resmi dan berlanjut dalam konteks bahasa inggris untuk kegiatan keperawatan.
3. Memahami makna teks fungsional pendek dan teks tulis esei
berbentuk procedure, explanation dalam konteks bahasa inggris untuk kegiatan keperawatan.
4. Mengungkapkan makna teks tulis monologesei yang berbentuk
Procedure, explanation dan discussion secara akurat, lancar dan berterima dalam konteks bahasa inggris untuk kegiatan keperawatan.
III. KOMPETENSI DASAR
Setelah menyelesaikan mata kuliah ini, mahasiswa dapat: 1.
Mengungkapkan makna dalam teks fungsional pendek transactional dan interpersonal resmi tak resmi dengan menggunakan ragam bahasa
lisan secara akurat, lancar dan berterima dalam konteks bahasa inggris untuk kegiatan keperawatan.
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2. Merespon makna dalam percakapan transactional to get things done
dan interpersonal bersosialisasi resmi dan berlanjut sustained secara akurat, lancar, dan berterima yang menggunakan ragam bahasa
lisan dalam konteks bahasa Inggris untuk kegiatan keperawatan dan melibatkan tindak tutur: Introduction, asking personal information,
giving instruction, giving advices, asking permission, asking for patient history.
3. Merespon makna dalam teks fungsional pendek transactional dan
interpersonal resmi dan tak resmi yang menggunakan ragam bahasa tulis secara akurat, lancar dan berterima dalam konteks bahasa inggris
untuk kegiatan keperawatan.
4. Mengungkapkan makna dan langkah retorika dalam esei dengan
menggunakan ragam bahasa tulis secara akurat, lancar dan berterima dalam konteks bahasa inggris untuk kegiatan keperawatan dalam teks
berbentuk: procedure, explanation.
IV. SUMBER MATERI
1.
Barron’s 2000,Student I Choice TOEFL 7
th
Ed. Jakarta: Bina
Aksara. 2.
Sieh, A and Brentin, L.1997. The nurse Communicates.
Philadelphia: WB Saunders 3.
Prawira.LS 2000.Understanding Speaking Nursing. 4.
Ardi, Havid. 2006. English for Nursing: Elementary. Padang: Balai Bahasa UNP.
5. Austin, David Tim Crosfield. 1989. English for Nurse. Hongkong:
Longman. 6.
Glendinning. Eric H and Beverly A.S H. 1999. English in Medicine 2 nd. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
7. Jack C. Richard. New Interchange. Hongkong: Cambridge University
Press.
V. EVALUASI
NO ASSESSMENT
SCORE 1
A quiz test 15 points
2 A midterm test
25 points
3
A final test 30 points
4 Assignments
10 points
5 Class activities
20 points
TOTAL
100 points
Note: The minimum attendance is 80 to join Final examination. VI.
MATERI AJAR
Meeting Topic
Text Language Function
Language
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Focus
I General Communication
for Nursing Interpersonal
Introducing self and other people, exchanging personal
information. II
Handling admission 1Making the Beds
Transactional Giving Instruction
III Handling admission 2
Mobilization and Positioning the patient
Transactional -Giving Instruction
-Asking Permission IV
Handling admission 3 Body Care
Transactional -Giving Instruction
-Asking Permission V
Handling admission 4 Skin Care
Transactional -Giving Instruction
-Asking Permission VI
Handling admission 5 Genital Hygiene
Transactional -Giving Instruction
-Asking Permission
VII Mid test
VIII Hospital
Transactional Giving Instruction
IX Taking the patient’
temperature Transactional
Asking for Patient History X
Prevention Transactional
Asking for Patient History XI
Blood Pressure Transactional
Asking for Patient History XII
Checking the vital sign Past tense
XIII Asking and telling past
activities Perfect tense
XIV Asking and telling past
activities Present
continuous tense
XV Understanding Medical
instrument Genre Explanation :
Nursing Documentation
Passive Sentence
XVI Final Examination
Appendix 1.2: The Lesson Plan of Community Language Learning LESSON PLAN 1
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EXPERIMENTAL CLASS Community Language Learning
A. Identitas