2 Review of Related Studies

learn. The media can make the students easier to comprehend the material given; therefore, the learning objectives will be reached. The teaching method will be various, not only the teacher’s lecture, therefore the students will not be bored and the teacher can save the energy for the following lesson. The last advantage, the media can make the students do more learning activities such as observing, doing, demonstrating, playing, etc. The goal of this study is to improve the eighth grade students’ speaking skill. The old classical method of teaching which only focus on reading and writing will not do much to improve the students’ speaking skill. The use of non- projected visual media during the learning will give much help to the students to practice their speaking during the learning process. Since non-projected visual media can be used as the drilling media, they can help the students to speak more, over and over again without feeling bored especially if the teachers use the element of games during the practice. The main purpose of conducting the action research is to find the issues or the problems during the teaching learning process. Later on, the researchers may set some plans to overcome the problems. Stringer 2007 states action research as an approach which is quite systematic to the investigation and this research can make the people to find the best solutions for each problem that they have to deal every day. Through the results of the observations and the tests, it is hoped that the problems will be recognized and later on with the help of the colleague and the students, the problems are able to be solved. The results of reflection in the end of each cycle, definitely will give some feedback to the researcher to create better plans in improving the students’ speaking skill. The focus of the study is the use of non-projected visual media during the teaching and learning process. Since non-projected visual media can provide the students more opportunities to speak the language, these media are able to improve the students ’ speaking skill. Without the use of non-projected visual media during the teaching and learning process, the students will find some difficulties in grasping the materials because the media can help the students to comprehend the material better. The pictures provided in the flashcards, cards, or the board will support the students’ motivation in learning the language, put away the boredom factor behind, and give more challenging and creative class activities. The more the students speak during the practice, their chance in improving their speaking skill will be much bigger. 45

CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the discussion of research methodology and procedures applied in this research. It is divided into five major sections, namely 1 research method, 2 the nature and source of the data, 3 data gathering instrument, 4 research design, and 5 data analysis. The implementation of the appropriate methods or techniques is very important in helping the researcher to find the answers of the research questions.

3.1 Research Setting

This research was conducted to investigate and find the solutions of the problems which appear when the eighth grade students of Junior High School were studying English with the speaking skill as the focus. The researcher conducted the research at Bhinneka Tunggal Ika Junior High School Yogyakarta, and the main participants were the eighth grade students which consist of seven students only. Although this school only had one class of eighth grade and the students were very few, the characteristics of the students were very unique. They tended to sleep whenever they felt that the teaching learning process was boring. They liked making some noise while the teacher was explaining the material. Meanwhile, the research was conducted in February 2016 until May 2016.

3.2 Research Method

In this research, the researcher applied an action research AR to solve the problem that the researcher found during the observation and in teaching and learning process. Burn 2010 says that AR has a strong connection to the ideas of PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI