Endearment Expressions Types of Address Terms

Nm Functional Equivalent Fe Pe Dm Nm Fe Pe Dm Nm 42, 43, 44 10, 14 Shift or transposition Fe Pe Dm Nm 27 Fe Pe Dm Nm 05, 06, 07, 08, 09, 11, 39, 40, 41, 45, 46, 57 38 48, 49, 51 Couplets Fe Pe Dm Nm Fe Pe Dm Nm 02, 03, 04, 50, 53, 54, 55, 56 47, 52, From the table above, the researcher is obtained the following results. a. The researcher has found four from fifteen translation strategies which proposed by Newmark 1988. There are cultural equivalent, functional equivalent, shift or transposition and couplets that have been found in this research analysis, since they are the most applicable strategies to be used in this research. b. The most frequent strategy used in this research is cultural equivalent, c. Functional equivalent and couplets are only applied in endearment expressions, d. Translation of titles with cultural equivalent strategy becomes the highest frequent result by 14 data found and the lowest result is obtained by shift or transposition by 1 datum found. Meanwhile, in the translation of endearment expressions shift or transposition becomes the highest frequent result by 16 data found followed by cultural equivalent which has 11 data found, couplets with 10 data found, and the lowest frequent result is obtained by functional equivalent with 5 data found, e. Fully equivalent is only found in title which has applied by 14 times, partly equivalent is only found in endearment expressions which has applied by 34 times, while different meaning is only found in endearment expressions by 5 data appearances, and the last is no meaning which is found in endearment expressions by 3 times appearances and titles which has applied only in 1 time, f. Only four strategies that has been applied in this data analysis. There are cultural equivalent, functional equivalent, shift or transpositions, and couplets. In detail, the data analyses of the employed strategies in each of degree meaning of equivalent category are presented as follows.

a. Translation of Titles

As a matter of fact, that the translation strategies which are chosen by the translator can be traced from the table 13 because the analysis in this part is based on the result of the table. There are two translation strategies applied by the translator to translate the titles. They are cultural equivalent and shift or transposition. 1 Translation of Titles with Cultural Equivalent Strategy Cultural equivalent is the most frequent by the translator to translate titles. Theoretically, this strategy uses to acculturate the foreign language into target language culture, although in terms of cultural significance it is not so accurate with the meaning of source language. The researcher decides to classify data as cultural equivalent when the translator tries to put some cultural aspects or cultural terms in the target text such as granting peerage. Thus, the target language becomes more familiar for the readers to understand, although it creates some gaps into the degree of meaning equivalent. The example of the employment of Cultural Equivalent strategy is elaborated below. Table 14. The Example of Translation of Titles with Cultural Equivalent Strategy Code ST TT 15- 6TtCEFe If your Majesty would condescend to state your case, he remarked, Setelah Yang Mulia menceritakan semuanya, temanku berkata, In datum number 15, the title your Majesty is transferred by the translator by applying Cultural equivalent strategy by transferring terms Your Majesty into Yang Mulia. Based on OALD Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary the term Your Majesty is a title of respect used when speaking to a king or queen. The addressing term Your Majesty is considered to give more cultural point into the target language. According