Participants of Information Collecting

37 information, often numerical data being able to be administered without the presence of the researcher, and often being comparatively straightforward to analyze” as cited in Cohen, Manion, Morrison, 2003, p. 245. In this study, the writer used two types of questionnaire. They were: closed-ended questionnaire and open-ended questionnaire. The type of questionnaire used for participants was a close-ended questionnaire. Closed-ended questionnaire used to gain information from the participants. Closed questions are the questions which are constructed by providing some answers or choices to be chosen by the participants. The questionnaires for the participants wrote in Indonesian. The reason was to help the participants answer the questions easily. The writer provided 26 closed-questions by providing some answers or choices to be chosen by the participants. The participants just choose the best answer based on their experiences. The types of questionnaires used for the evaluators were closed-ended questionnaire in form of Likert scales and open-ended questionnaire. A Likert scale is a type of closed-question where researcher provides a range of responses or statements to be chosen by the evaluators of the study. Open-ended question is a type of questionnaire in which the respondents have a chance to give their personal comment and researcher might have a depth response from the respondents. Thus, open-ended questions are used to get feedback, evaluation, and recommendations from the evaluators. The writer provided 12 closed-ended questions and 2 open-ended questions for the evaluators in order to evaluate the existing materials. In the 38 closed-ended questionnaire, the writer provided several statements and asked evaluators to give assessment based on the degree of the agreement scale. In open- ended questionnaire, the evaluators are allowed to give their opinions, feedback, and recommendations in the designed materials based on information in the background of the study and the proposed design.

b. Interview

The next was an interview. According to Cohen, Manion, and Morrison 2003, research interview is a conversation initiated by the interviewer for the specific purpose in order to gain relevant information p. 269. On the other hand, an interviewer provides a set of questions to be answered by the interviewee and it involves collecting data through direct verbal interaction. In this study, the writer used a structured-interview in which the interviewer provided guideline or a set of questions to be answered by the interviewee. The writer provided five questions for the personal interview to the interviewees. The writer used an interview to gain actual information of learners’ needs, interests, and suggestions on speaking skill.

E. Data Analysis Technique

In this part, the writer analyzed the data from the questionnaires and interview. The questionnaires ’ data were analyzed by calculating the result of the questionnaires on each item. The results of the questionnaires were presented in form of percentage and words. The formula of the percentage of each statement is described as follow: