was not enough to address or answer the research problem, so mixed method was also needed. The secondary data of quantitative was needed to
extend, elaborate, or explain the primary data
2
. Gall is also agree that action research is not only deals with the collection of qualitative data but
also it can include quantitative data.
3
So, this study employed qualitative as the primary and quantitative as the secondary data. The writer
conducted the research through interview, observation, questionnaire, and test
which can measure the students‟ ability.
C. The Design of the Research
The researcher used the spiral model of action research proposed by Kemmis and McTaggart. The spiral of self-contained cycles of
planning, acting, observing, and reflecting . The reason about choosing the spiral model appealing was because the steps are convenient and the
process of each phase is not too rigid. The cycles done in two cycles.
Figure 3.1 Cyclical AR model based on Kemmis and McTaggart
4
2
John W. Creswell, Educational Research “Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating
Quantitative amd Qualitative Reseacrh”, United States : Pearson, 2011, p.535.
3
Meredith D. Gall. et al., Educational Research, New York : Pearson Education, 2003, p.582.
4
Anne Burns, Doing Action Research in English Language Teaching, New York : Routledge, 2010, p.9.
Figure 3.2 The explanation about those cycles will be explained below :
CYCLE 1
Figure 3.3 CYCLE 2
D. Subject of the Research
The subject of this researchwas students at the eleventh grade in SMAN 7 Kota Bekasi, which consisted of 39 students.
E. The Role of the Writer in the Research
The role of the writer was not only as an observer but also as a teacher. It meant that the writer was involving, living in the context, and
also being a part of it. As Kemmis Mctaggart reported that participatory research could create the condition for practitioners to understand and
develop the ways of the research that was conducted by the researchers.
5
The writer collaborated with the English teacher. The writer prepared the lesson plan, media of the teaching and also taught in the classroom.
Whereas, the teacher worked together with the writer to observe the learning process in the classroom.
F. The Instruments of the Data
The data of this research was students‟ ability in using conditional
sentence type III. In order to get the data, the researcher needed some instruments. The first instrument was pre-interview. It was conducted at
the beginning of the study. The aim of pre-interview was to analyze and diagnose the initial problems about the teaching of conditional sentence.
The type of the interview was semi-structured, and it was chosen because according to Arikunto
6
, some guideline of the interview questions couldbe used, but the researcher still could explore and develop that questions
which were not stated on the list, in order to get the explanation in more details. The guideline interview
‟s question contains of 10 questions on the list.
Next, to obtain the data the researcher gave a pre-test and post-test. It contained of 30 questions of multiple choice for each test that was made
5
Stephen Kemmis, Robin Mctaggart Rhonda Nixon, The Action Research Planner, Singapore : Springer, 2014, p.5.
6
Suharsimi Arikunto, Prosedur Penelitian. Jakarta : Rineka Cipta, 2002. p. 202.
by the researcher. The reference was also adapted from “Kiat Sukses Lulus
Ujian Bahasa Inggris ”. Then, the questions were eliminated into 20
questions. Pre-test was given at the beginning of the study, in order to see about the initial problems in understanding conditional sentence and also
see how far that the students have already understood. Post-test was given at the end of the study, in order to see the progress of the students in
understanding the use of conditional sentence. Third, questionaire was also used in this study. It was conducted at the end of the study. The aim
was to get the data from the stude nts‟ point of view. The last was
observation observation journal and observation sheet.. Observation was also conducted in order to get the data in real situation which happened
during the learning process.
G. Procedures of Class Action Research
